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New rules and regulations
The first "Green Ship Code" came out
In 2011, CCS developed a comprehensive green ship evaluation and verification standard based on the GBS (target-based standard) method, namely the “Green Ship Codeâ€. The specification is the world's first green ship specification and was implemented on October 1, 2012. In addition to the main body specifications, the Technical Requirements Verification Guide and the Common Green Technology Guide are also part of the specification system.
Based on the GBS method, CCS proposes the basic model of green ship from the basis and goal of green ship, and gives the definition of green ship: green ship refers to the economical use of relatively advanced technology (green technology) in its life cycle. Ships that meet their intended functions and performance while achieving improved energy efficiency, reducing or eliminating environmental pollution, and providing good protection for operators and users. Combined with this definition, the "Green Ship Code" puts forward the target requirements from four aspects: safety foundation, environmental protection, energy efficiency and working environment.
The Green Ship Code covers the latest requirements of current international conventions and the latest research results of the industry, and is technically defined from the perspective of the ship's entire life cycle. In terms of safety, the Green Ship Code stipulates that green ships should meet the requirements of the International Compulsory Convention, the flag State, and the classification society's requirements for the main class. In order to comprehensively evaluate the green performance of the ship, the system identifies the green ship elements and sub-elements, including environmental protection elements, energy efficiency elements and working environment elements. Environmental protection elements include sub-elements such as prevention of oil pollution, domestic sewage pollution, garbage pollution, air pollution, ballast water control and shipbreaking control. Energy efficiency factors include two major elements of ship design energy efficiency and ship operation energy efficiency. Work environment elements include automation, vibration, and noise sub-elements.
The "Green Ship Code" proposes a green ship additional mark that characterizes the green characteristics of the ship. The additional mark is a comprehensive mark of the ship's advancement in environmental protection, energy efficiency and working environment. In order to promote the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure of the shipbuilding industry, related manufacturing industries and shipping industry, the green ship additional mark is divided into three levels: Green Ship I/II/III, and the grading requirements and review procedures are formulated. In addition to characterizing the ship's integrated green performance, the Green Ship Code also sets a special green technology add-on mark to encourage the application of green technologies such as energy-saving propellers, waste heat recovery, gas fuel, drag reduction paint, shore power, wind energy, solar energy, Fuel cells, etc. A special energy efficiency additional mark is given for ship energy efficiency requirements: EEDI (I/II/III) to highlight the ship's energy efficiency advantages.
The "Green Ship Code" provides a direction for ship design, construction, inspection and operation from a technical perspective. In order to achieve the objectives of the "Green Ship Code", we believe that there should be breakthroughs in several aspects: optimization of existing ship types, improvement of the supporting level of the entire industry, application of green technologies, and improvement of vibration and noise reduction technologies.
Ship energy consumption distribution and assessment research passed the review
On September 20, 2012, CCS “G-VCBP Programâ€, one of the key scientific research projects, “Ship Energy Distribution and Evaluation Research†passed the evaluation of experts in the industry, and the application work of “Ship Energy Consumption Distribution Calculation and Analysis Software†was officially launched.
The “Guidelines for Energy Distribution and Energy Conservation of Ships†is aimed at the current lack of technical support for the development of energy saving and emission reduction technologies for ships. Through a series of studies, the energy consumption of the three main ship types (oil tankers, bulk carriers and container ships) is summarized. The distribution law and energy saving potential are given. The baseline of effective energy utilization level of the ship is given. The current mainstream energy-saving technology and sensitivity analysis are listed. Combined with the actual energy system of the ship, a scientific and complete calculation of the energy consumption distribution of the ship is innovatively proposed. method. This guidance document has important guiding significance for ship energy conservation and emission reduction research, energy saving design for new shipbuilding and energy saving renovation of existing ships.
The “Ship Energy Consumption Distribution Calculation and Analysis Software†was developed to facilitate the guide users to independently calculate the ship energy consumption distribution. The software solidifies the research results of ship energy consumption calculation method and ship energy effective utilization level baseline in the system, and develops the ship energy consumption distribution calculation, energy consumption distribution result analysis, energy utilization efficiency calculation, energy according to the user's actual needs. Utilize efficiency level assessment, green technology energy saving potential estimation, main ship type energy consumption calculation statistics, and domestic ship energy consumption database 7 main functional modules (pictured). This software can meet the calculation and analysis needs of different levels of users such as ship design units, shipping companies, and industry management departments. Since the software was put into use, it has carried out calculation analysis and evaluation on 76 oil tankers and bulk carriers in operation of several companies, and the evaluation results have won praises from customers.
The research results provide a comprehensive and effective understanding of the energy utilization and consumption distribution of ships, so as to find out the weak points of energy utilization and energy-saving space, and point out the direction of effective energy utilization of ships. It provides a reasonable and effective calculation method for ship energy consumption distribution. And means to provide technical support for the classification of energy utilization level of ships and key equipment; provide basis for ship energy-saving technology, waste heat recovery technology, multi-energy comprehensive utilization, etc., and provide support for the implementation of national energy conservation and emission reduction policies in shipbuilding and shipping industries. service.
Release of operational ship energy efficiency management and operation system
In 2012, the “Engineering Energy Efficiency Management and Operation System Technology Development and Application†project independently researched and developed by China Classification Society won the second prize of the Science and Technology Award of China Navigation Society. This project is based on a series of technical, management, operational measures and requirements put forward by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in improving ship energy efficiency and controlling marine carbon emissions, as well as the shipping carbon emission reduction market mechanism being studied and formulated, and combined with relevant regulations of the State Council. The specific implementation plan of the Ministry of Transport and the requirements of the shipping industry-related industry organizations, on the basis of studying the development trend of controlling carbon emissions at home and abroad, systematic research on energy efficiency management, energy efficiency measures and monitoring analysis.
The results of the project mainly include: research and development of the "Code for the Certification of Energy Efficiency of Ships"; development of the shipping energy efficiency database and application system; preparation of the "Guidelines for the Best Operation of Ship Energy Efficiency" and "Guidelines for the Preparation and Verification of Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan". The project meets the requirements of the macro management of the competent authority and the development of the enterprise itself, and achieves the research purpose of improving the overall level of energy efficiency management of shipping.
The project has distinct technological innovations: First, energy efficiency management concept innovation, for the first time put energy efficiency management into the shipping company management system and implement it, highlighting the two key points of “boat energy efficiency best practice†and “energy efficiency monitoring and analysis system†The “Energy Efficiency Management Plan†for the implementation of the cycle improvement of single ship is organically integrated and coordinated with the overall system management of the company. The second is energy efficiency measures to implement innovation, and the “Guidelines for the Best Operation of Ship Energy Efficiency†and the “Guidelines for the Preparation and Verification of Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan†have been prepared. The third is management tool innovation, using computer and network technology, developed a multi-dimensional, multi-level structure of ship energy efficiency database and application system, and built an industry-level ship energy efficiency network sharing platform for the first time.
The results of this project have been widely used in many large state-owned and private shipping companies in China, and have achieved good economic and social benefits. According to statistics, since the implementation of systemic energy efficiency management, a large oil tanker has saved 63,000 tons/year of fuel, and two large container shipping companies have saved 150,000 tons/year and 202,000 tons/year respectively.
The implementation of systematic energy efficiency management is conducive to improving the energy efficiency management mode of enterprises, improving the industry energy conservation monitoring, service and management system, providing decision-making reference for the national competent authority to assess, deploy and adjust the energy conservation and emission reduction work; it is conducive to promoting ship type optimization and capacity optimization, Improve the energy efficiency level of the whole industry; facilitate the formation of market mechanisms that are in line with international standards, and gradually realize the transition from administrative management to regulation-based and market-oriented mechanisms.
Preparation of inland river ship type standard system and "Inland River Green Ship Code"
On March 29, 2012, the Ministry of Transport announced the “Standard Ship Type Index System for Inland Water Transport Shipsâ€, which came into effect on July 1, 2012. The “Index System†imposes mandatory requirements on the standard ship type main scale, energy efficiency indicators and CO2 emission indicators. The inland river standard ship type for the next period refers to the ship that meets the standards of the indicator system.
As a technical support mechanism for the standardization of ship types for inland river transport vessels, CCS mainly undertakes the preparation of the “Inland River Transport Ship Standard Ship Type Index Systemâ€. The establishment of this indicator system is mainly based on the four aspects of “safe, efficient, green and advancedâ€. In terms of safety and environmental protection, it is based on the requirements of current shipbuilding codes and regulations; in terms of efficiency, it is improved by the ship’s main scale series standards. The adaptability and passing capacity of navigation facilities such as ships and ship locks, ship lifts, etc., through energy intensity indicators, improve the energy efficiency of ships; in the green aspect, through the carbon dioxide emission intensity indicators, achieve the goal of ship emission reduction; in terms of advancement, Technological advances are achieved by encouraging the application of new materials, new technologies, new methods, new equipment, new processes and new energy sources on ships. In addition, CCS has developed a standard system to be implemented in the implementation of the Index System, which mainly includes “Limited Fuel Consumption Limits and Verification Methods for Operating Shipsâ€, “CO2 Emission Limits and Verification Methods for Operating Shipsâ€, and “Inland Ship Energy Efficiency Design Index†( EEDI) Assessment Guide and Guidelines for the Preparation and Verification of Energy Efficiency Management Plans for Inland Waterways. In the future, CCS will also play an active role in establishing the inland river standard ship type database and public information platform construction.
In order to promote the development of inland river green ships, China Classification Society has combined the analysis of the characteristics of inland river vessels and shipping, and constructed a standard framework for inland river green ships with one specification plus three guides, namely “Inland River Green Ship Code†and “Inland River Shipsâ€. Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) Assessment Guide, Guidelines for the Compilation of Inland Water Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) and Guidelines for Control of Hazardous Substances in Inland Waterways. The "Inland River Green Ship Code" consists of two parts, one is the ship's technical requirements, including energy efficiency elements, environmental protection elements and work environment elements; the second is the technical requirements for the use of green technology on ships. The Inland River Green Ship Code classifies ships into three levels, namely green ship additional signs, which are green ships - I, II, III. Energy-saving elements and environmental protection elements that ships can use green technology to meet the requirements of different levels of green ships. , the working environment elements. The Inland River Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) Assessment Guide provides technical requirements for the calculation, evaluation and verification of ship energy efficiency design indices. The Guidelines for the Compilation of Inland Water Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) is mainly to guide shipowners in the preparation of energy efficiency measures in the course of ship operations. The Guide for the Control of Hazardous Substances in Inland Waterways mainly guides the maintenance of the list of hazardous substances and the list of ships.
Grasping R&D and Promoting Application Through research on design companies, shipyards, shipowners and equipment manufacturers, CCS has identified 8 categories of energy-saving technologies and 22 specific research directions, and has achieved preliminary research results in technologies such as high-efficiency power systems.
LNG dual fuel power With the continuous rise of international oil prices and increasingly strict requirements for ship energy conservation and emission reduction, LNG has gradually become an important alternative energy source for future green ships. Using LNG as a fuel can reduce emissions and reduce operating costs.
In China, CCS started the development of gas fuel power ship standard earlier, and has formulated the "LNG Power Ship Construction Code", "Gas Fuel Power Ship Inspection Guide", "Double Fuel Engine Power System Design and Installation Guide", "Gas Fuel". Supplementary Provisions for Statutory Inspection of Powerboats, Principles for Review of Marine LNG Gas Storage Tanks, and Technical Requirements for Pilots of LNG/Diesel Dual Fuel Power Ships. At present, CCS has completed the recognition of four Type 8 LNG engines such as Weichai Power, Zibo Diesel, Jichai and Guangzhou Diesel Engine, and completed the Wuhan Ferry Company “Ferry 302†and Changhang Group “Changxun No.3†bulk cargo. LNG dual-fuel ship reconstruction project such as ship, and new shipbuilding plan and inspection work for 3100 tons of LNG power bulk carrier.
In January 2013, CCS and Wärtsilä signed a technical cooperation framework agreement, and the two sides will carry out all-round cooperation in LNG dual fuel power, including ship design and development, LNG dual fuel engine approval, LNG dual fuel engine standard formulation, etc. . The cooperation with Wärtsilä will accelerate the construction of CCS's technology, plan drawing and inspection capabilities in the field of LNG dual fuel power.
Heat pump technology Heat pump is an energy-saving technology that transfers heat from a low-temperature heat source to a high-temperature heat source to realize the energy comprehensive utilization system for the specified space cooling and heating functions. The heat pump is not a thermal energy conversion device but a heat transfer device, which is a "pump".
At present, water-cooled chillers are widely used on ships to provide cooling capacity for ships, and heat is supplied by steam provided by boilers. The supply of cold heat is two systems. The water-cooled chiller is a special application form of the water source heat pump technology, but the existing ship water source heat pump system can only achieve the cooling function. China Classification Society carried out the water source heat pump technology application research project of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, developed the inland river passenger ship water source heat pump products, and applied the water source heat pump technology to large inland river cruise ships for the first time, actively promoting energy conservation and emission reduction. It is estimated that the application of water source heat pump technology will save the fuel cost of the cruise ship by nearly 2 million yuan and reduce CO2 by nearly 1,000 tons. The energy saving effect of the ship is good.
The best trimming energy-saving principle of the ship's optimal trimming operation technology means that the ship's underwater volume geometry will be changed if the load is constant (ie the drainage volume is constant). If the trim is changed (è‰, 艉 draught) Will change, the shape of the hull waterline and the length of the waterline, the position of the floating center, the flow of the bow, and the flow of the bow will change accordingly. These changes will inevitably lead to changes in the wave resistance, frictional resistance and cohesive resistance of the ship; Changes in the attitude of the navigation, different trim (squatting water) will also cause changes in the flow field at the tail of the ship, which in turn affects the propulsion efficiency of the ship's propeller. The research in the past 20 years shows that different types of ships have a clear optimal trimming float corresponding to their different drafts (full load, ballast, semi-ballast, etc.) and different sailing speeds.
Application example: A 13,000-ton ocean-going cargo ship can save 296 kW by about 6.5% when the full-service service speed is 16 knots by adjusting its navigation attitude; the host power can save 677 kW by about 12.7% during half-load navigation; The host function during navigation can save approximately 1.5% of approximately 63 kW.
CCS is currently working with two large domestic container shipping companies to conduct research and development of the best trimming technology for container ships. The research results and the best trim software for ships will be put into use in 2013.
Solar technology Solar technology is mainly divided into light-heat (solar heating) technology and photovoltaic power generation. In recent years, with the increasingly strict requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction of ships, solar energy technology has also begun to be applied on ships. As early as 2000, a solar-powered installation was installed on a mixed-energy twin-body ferry built in Australia.
In China, CCS has studied the application of solar energy on yachts and has developed relevant technical standards. CCS's "Solar Power Propulsion Double-Fiber Reinforced Plastic Ships Review Principle" provides inspection standards for the review of such ships' drawings; CCS has approved the work of flexible monocrystalline silicon solar photovoltaic modules and lithium iron phosphate batteries to ensure The core equipment and devices meet the requirements and so on. At present, CCS is carrying out inspection work on solar powered yachts built by a domestic yacht factory. This type of boat is equipped with two sets of lithium batteries that are charged by solar energy (the other group is spare). After charging once, it can sail for more than 8 hours in full use of the battery.
Shore power technology Ship shore power technology, that is, the technology that uses land power to supply power to ships on the port. By using shore power instead of diesel engine on board, it is an effective energy-saving and emission-reducing measure during ship berthing. Saving fuel brings economics, reducing emissions, and reducing vibration to improve crew living and working environment.
In recent years, CCS has actively cooperated with national energy conservation and emission reduction work, formulated marine shore power standards such as “Guidelines for Inspection of High Voltage Power System for Shipsâ€, participated in system and product design, and type approved for shore and marine equipment, and in September 2011. On the 24th, in Lianyungang, the ship's shore power system add-on mark (AMP) certificate was issued for the first ship (“Fuqiang China†of Hebei Ocean). At present, the shore power system has been promoted and applied in ports such as Lianyungang, Qingdao, Shanghai and Huanghua Port.
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