CNC car sheets a fixed cycle instructions

When the turning allowance is large and multiple cutting operations are required, the machining program can be programmed with the cycle instructions, which can reduce the number of program segments, shorten the programming time, and increase the work efficiency of CNC machine tools. According to the different cutting cycle of the tool cutting, the cycle instructions can be divided into a single fixed cycle instruction and multiple compound cycle instructions.

Single canned cycle instructions

For a workpiece with a simple machining geometry and a single cutter path, a fixed cycle instruction can be used to program a multi-step tool with only one instruction and one program segment. The movement of the tool in the canned cycle instruction is divided into four steps: feed, cut, retract and return.

1. External cutting cycle instruction (G90)

Instruction Format G90 X(U)_ Z(W)_ R_ F_

The instruction function realizes the outer circle cutting cycle and the conical cutting cycle. The tool follows the route shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 from the beginning of the cycle, and finally returns to the beginning of the cycle. In the figure, the dashed line indicates rapid movement by R, and the solid line indicates designated by F. The workpiece feed speed is moved.

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Figure 1 Cylindrical cutting cycle

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Figure 2 Cone cutting cycle

Explanation of instructions X, Z The cutting end coordinate value;

U, W represents the coordinate component of the cutting end point relative to the starting point of the cycle;

R indicates the coordinate increment (radius value) of the cutting start point and the cutting end point in the X-axis direction. When the outer circle cutting cycle, R is zero, it can be omitted;

F indicates the feed rate.

Example 1 As shown in Fig. 3, use the outer circle cutting cycle instruction to program.

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Fig. 3 External circular cutting cycle application

G90 X40 Z20 F30 ABCDA

X30 AEFDA

X20 AGHDA

Example 2 As shown in Figure 4, use the taper cutting cycle instruction to program.

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Figure 4 Cone cutting cycle application

G90 X40 Z20 R-5 F30 ABCDA

X30 AEFDA

X20 AGHDA

2. Face cutting cycle command (G94)

Instruction format G94 X(U)_ Z(W)_ R_ F_

The instruction function realizes the face cutting cycle and the tapering face cutting cycle. The tool starts from the beginning of the cycle and follows the path shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 and finally returns to the starting point of the cycle. In the figure, the dotted line indicates rapid movement by R, and the solid line indicates F. The specified feedrate moves.

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Figure 5 Face cutting cycle

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Figure 6 Taper end cutting cycle

Explanation of instructions X, Z represent the coordinate values ​​of the end plane cutting end;

U, W represent the coordinate components of the end point of the end of the cutting relative to the starting point of the cycle;

R denotes the coordinate increment of the displacement from the starting point of the end cutting to the end point of the cutting in the direction of the Z axis, and R is zero when the end cutting cycle is performed, which can be omitted;

F indicates the feed rate.

Example 3 As shown in Figure 7, program the face cutting cycle instruction.

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Figure 7 Face cutting cycle application

G94 X20 Z16 F30 ABCDA

Z13 AEFDA

Z10 AGHDA

Example 4 As shown in Figure 8, use the taper end cutting cycle instruction to program.

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Figure 8 Tapered end cutting cycle application

G94 X20 Z34 R-4 F30 ABCDA

Z32 AEFDA

Z29 AGHDA

3. Thread cutting cycle command (G92)

Instruction Format G92 X(U)_ Z(W)_ R_ F_

The command function cuts the cylindrical thread and taper thread. The tool starts from the beginning of the cycle and follows the path shown in Fig. 9 and Fig. 10, and finally returns to the starting point of the cycle. In the figure, the dashed line indicates rapid movement by R, and the solid line indicates the specified feeding speed by F. mobile.

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Figure 9 cutting cylinder thread

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Figure 10 cutting cone thread

Explanation of instructions X, Z indicate the coordinates of the end point of the thread;

U, W represents the coordinate component of the end point of the thread relative to the starting point of the cycle;

R indicates the coordinate increment (radius value) of the starting point and the end point of the taper thread in the X-axis direction. When the cylindrical thread cutting cycle, R is zero, it can be omitted;

F indicates thread lead.

Example 5 As shown in Figure 11, use cylindrical thread cutting cycle programming.

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Fig. 11 Cylindrical thread cutting cycle application

G50 X100 Z50

G97 S300

T0101 M03

G00 X35 Z3

G92 X29.2 Z-21 F1.5

X28.6

X28.2

X28.04

G00 X100 Z50 T0000 M05

M02

Example 6 As shown in Figure 12, program the taper thread cutting cycle instruction.

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Figure 12 Application of Tapered Thread Cutting Cycle

G50 X100 Z50

G97 S300

T0101 M03

G00 X80 Z2

G92 X49.6 Z-48 R-5 F2

X48.7

X48.1

X47.5

X47.1

X47

G00 X100 Z50 T0000 M05

M02

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