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As the saying goes: Strong dragons don't press the ground snake. As a land snake, Chinese auto parts have two amulets: the first is local or group protection, and the second is cheap labor. Many studies have pointed out that multinational companies also face many risks in entering China's auto parts market. The larger risk is the two amulets they face in China's auto parts industry.
The organizational relationship between China's automobile manufacturers and parts manufacturers can be roughly divided into three types. One is that a part factory belongs to an entire vehicle factory, or it is a professional factory directly under the company, and it is generally a core enterprise layer member of the automobile group. After the restructuring of the company, it becomes a wholly-owned subsidiary. The second is local auto parts supply companies. In China, there are many cases where the first and second companies overlap, but what they have in common is protection, group protection, or local protection. The third type is independent professional manufacturers. They are completely independent in form and do not belong to any auto group.
In the Chinese market, many parts manufacturers can only supply one or two vehicle manufacturers, and they are not exclusive suppliers. This dispersion means that if you supply Shanghai Volkswagen, you cannot supply Dongfeng Group. For cross-border parts and components companies entering the Chinese auto market, in order to relocate the existing supporting systems in China, and to accompany group and local interests, they have to establish production facilities in multiple regions. As a result, not every joint venture factory can guarantee its The overall scale of economic benefits. Chinese manufacturers are under local government and local economic pressure. Many factors such as local GDP growth, fiscal revenue, and employment situation must be taken into consideration in decision-making. At the same time, vehicle manufacturers are not only automobile manufacturers, but also local and group auto parts manufacturers. The motivation. The result of local and group protectionist policies has led to the selection of low-quality, high-priced companies.
There is a hot topic this year – the minimum wage. China's economic development, especially exports, is achieved through low wages and high consumption. Now we are advocating the concept of scientific development. A few days ago, Guangdong Province determined the classification target for adjusting the minimum wage this year. One of them was 800 yuan/month (Guangzhou), an increase of 16.96% year-on-year; the other was 700 yuan/month (Foshan, Dongguan, Zhuhai, Huizhou), The growth rate was 21.95%, of which Huizhou increased by 41.70%; the third category was 600 yuan/month; the fourth category was 500 yuan/month. At the same time, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang also intend to further raise the minimum wage. The Guangdong provincial government proposed that Shenzhen adjust the minimum wage to 850 yuan/month. Therefore, the development of auto parts companies can no longer be established on the basis of low costs based on low wages, but must take the path of increasing the technological content of development.
The status quo of the development of parts and components industry is indeed worrying. Many comments have pointed out the various drawbacks in the development of parts and components industry. They have created roughly the same recipe for the development of the parts and components industry, and the domestic authorities have a very beautiful one 10 years ago. Parts development strategy. To develop auto parts and components, say a thousand and one thousand, in the final analysis we must come up with real measures. The key to the success of Japan's and South Korea's auto industry policies is that the government controls loans and thus guides investment. During the “Seventh Five-Year Plan†period, the domestic investment in car production was 3.35 billion yuan, while the investment in parts and components was only 1.4 billion yuan; during the “Eighth Five-Year Plan†period, these two figures were 17.6 billion yuan and 7.63 billion yuan respectively. Many parts and components companies are now private enterprises, and it is more difficult for private enterprises to obtain loans. Only by turning the proportion of investment upside down, the development of auto parts is hopeful.
(The author is a former chief analyst of China Automotive Industry Consulting Corporation)
â–¡ Jia Xinguang / Wen
Ammonia cracker of XRAQ(FC)series takes liquid ammonia as the source material ,and when heated, decomposes into the mixed gas of 75% H2 and25% N2 under the action of catalyst.
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