How much do you know about these fundamentals in the LED display industry?

For newly added or unfamiliar customers, the basic concept of LED display is rather vague. Xiao Bian summed up the basic knowledge of LED display screen and can help friends have a clear and intuitive understanding:

First, the concept and type of LED

An LED, a light emitting diode, is a tiny electronic semiconductor that converts electrical energy into visible light. The type of chemicals used in the LED determines its color, brightness, and power. There is no filament in the LED lamp, and there will be no burning or damage of the incandescent filament.

LED has two different forms, namely surface mount and in-line package. The table sticker refers to the mounting method of the LED lead frame. LED lamp beads are mounted on the surface of the circuit board. SMD contains red, green, and blue chips. The in-line LED is connected to the circuit board through the lead wire and has a higher position. Each LED lamp bead is a red, green and blue monochromatic lamp bead.

Second, the surface mount SMD

Because there is no directional reflector, surface-mounted LED lamp beads do not focus. In contrast, light is evenly spread over horizontal and vertical angles to provide a wider viewing angle. This makes surface-mount LED displays ideal for most indoor applications as well as some compact-pitch outdoor applications.

Three, in-line DIP

The in-line LED lamp uses reflector cups and epoxy lens assemblies. This combination and the type of chip used determine the elliptical cone. The in-line LED reflector cup concentrates light in a specific angular area.

Fourth, LED display technology indicators

1. Module

LED modules are "building block parts" that make up a video wall. The arrangement of modules depends on the product, market, and use.

2. Pixel

Pixels are the abbreviation of image elements and are the basic spot of letters, numbers, graphics, and video. One pixel can be a single LED, multiple colored LEDs, or multiple different colored LEDs. They are the smallest elements of an electronic display system and can be independently controlled or switched at different brightness levels.

3. Resolution

The resolution is the number of pixels in the physical area of ​​the electronic display. The more pixels in a unit area, the stronger the detail display capability. Resolution is determined by display size, pixel technology, pixel pitch, and viewing distance. The following is a comparison of the effect of three different dot spacings:

4. Visual angle

When selecting the display, consider the position and angle at which it will be installed. The best image is available in the viewing cone, so it is best to place the viewer's viewable position within the cone.

The viewing angle or viewing area is greater than the optimum viewing angle, depending on the situation in the field and the ambient light.

5. Viewing distance

The calculation of the viewing distance is mainly based on the type of indoor and outdoor displays and the distance from the display. Each display has a minimum and maximum viewing distance, based on application and usage considerations.

Larger characters will have a longer viewing distance and smaller ones will be shorter. Pixel pitch also varies between indoor and outdoor applications.

Five, point spacing calculation method

The dot pitch is the center distance between each pixel point to each neighboring pixel point.

Each pixel can be a LED light [such as: PH10 (1R)], two LED lights [such as: PH16 (2R)], four LED lights [such as: PH16 (2R1G1B)]. P16 point spacing: 16mm; P20 point spacing: 20mm; P12 point spacing: 12mm...

Six, the distance between the point and the module (box) size

Case Length = Number of Pixels on Long Edge * Dot Spacing

Box width = number of pixels on wide sides * spacing between points

Such as: PH16 length = 16 points × 1.6 = 25.6, height = 8 points × 1.6 = 12.8

PH10 length=32 points×1.0=32, height=16 points×1.0=16

Seven, box / full screen resolution calculation method

Box Resolution=Length*Width/Dot Spacing LED Display Number of Pixels per Square=1,000,000/Pitch

Eight, screen body module number calculation method

Total area ÷ Module length ÷ Module height = Number of modules used

Such as: 10 squares of PH16 outdoor monochrome LED display using the number of modules equal to:

10 square meters ÷0.256 meters ÷0.128 meters=305.17678≈305

More accurate calculation method: length of use module number * height of use module number = total number of modules used

Such as: 5 meters long, 2 meters high PH16 monochrome led display module number:

Long use module number = 5 meters ÷ 0.256 meters = 19.5325 ≈ 20

High use module number = 2 meters ÷ 0.128 meters = 15.625 ≈ 16 pieces

Total number of modules used = 20 x 16 = 320

Nine, LED display visual distance calculation method

RGB color mixing distance Three-color mixing distance of a single color: LED full-color screen viewing distance = pixel spacing (mm) × 500 - pixel spacing (mm) × 1000

The minimum viewing distance can display the distance of the smooth image: LED display visible distance = pixel pitch (mm) × 1000

The most suitable viewing distance The distance at which the viewer can see a highly clear picture: The best viewing distance of the LED display = Pixel pitch (mm) × 3000 - Pixel pitch (mm) × 1000

The farthest viewing distance: LED display distance = screen height (m) × 30 (times)