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Under the new normal of economy in our country, the sluggishness of "volume" and "price" of cement has plagued many manufacturing enterprises and the industry is facing a severe test; the environmental problems such as "smog sky" and "garbage encircling city" have also become increasingly prominent and affect every Personal life China's cement production capacity ranks first in the world, accounting for more than 50% of the world's cement production, and most of them are new dry-process cement production lines built in the past ten years. There are about 1,843 pieces of cement in China, distributed in all regions of the country. Faced with the current situation, cement companies can "problem" into "opportunities" to achieve the transformation and upgrading, determines its future development in order to be invincible.
The new dry-process kiln co-disposal of waste can not only be used as raw materials, fuel, reduce resource consumption, but also make full use of cement rotary kiln alkaline fine dense solid high temperature combustion environment and other advantages, and thoroughly harmful substances Dispose of it, and truly realize the innocuous, resource-based and intensive treatment of waste so that the cement industry can embark on the green road of circular economy development.
More than 150 experts, scholars and leaders of cement enterprises from all over the country attended the conference on technology exchange of cement kiln co-disposal waste convened recently by China Silicate Society Engineering and Technology Branch. About 150 people from cement kilns co-processing the waste technology market, equipment R & D, Production and practical application of the discussion and exchange.
Cement kiln co-disposal of domestic waste obvious advantages, short board also outstanding
According to Nanjing Cement Industrial Design and Research Institute Cai Yuliang introduction, according to statistics, the current 668 cities nationwide, tens of thousands of large and above townships, there are more or less the following garbage pollution problems to be solved urgently. At present, cement kiln co-disposal is an ideal way of disposing of domestic waste. According to the research, co-disposal of solid waste in cement kilns has the following advantages:
First, the spread of pollutants under control. Waste incineration temperature is high; pyrolysis gas into the kiln to reduce energy consumption; the use of high temperature cement kiln to absorb harmful components of decomposition; gas residence time, dioxin can be fully absorbed; kiln kiln is alkaline alkaline Atmosphere, can effectively inhibit the discharge of acidic substances, making SO2, Cl and other forms of salt can be fixed down, can reduce or avoid the phenomenon of dioxin; odor generated by organic fermentation by the induced draft fan, the dust collector After the dust into the cooler head blower, once again into the cooler, with about 1400 ℃ clinker contact, under high temperature decomposition and purification. And negative pressure kiln operation, flue gas and dust rarely spill. The vast majority of heavy metal ions in the garbage solidify in the clinker with the material, to avoid secondary pollution of heavy metals.
Second, the advantages of resource utilization. Garbage incinerator ash directly into the rotary kiln as a raw material mixed with the cement to be used, no external emissions; waste heat value as fuel, low temperature waste heat can be used to generate electricity, drying dehydration.
Third, intensive economic advantages. Cement production furnace, dust removal system and other resources have the advantages of coordinated utilization; investment in the province, operating costs are relatively low; system maintenance is convenient, environmental and economic benefits obvious.
Cement kiln co-disposal of domestic waste process also has some disadvantages:
First, cement kiln co-disposal of domestic waste greater investment in technology, a cement kiln production line (3,000 tons / day) renovation cost yuan, 800-1000 tons of domestic waste per day, converted into garbage investment per tonne Domestic waste coordination and disposal of investment costs 100,000 yuan, larger investment costs. The amount of domestic garbage disposal have higher requirements, requiring a total daily processing of 800 tons of garbage, the minimum can not be less than 500 tons.
Second, higher operating costs. According to the collaborative project data now running, the direct operating costs are calculated at 70 yuan per tonne of domestic waste and the full cost is 200 yuan per tonne. Higher operating costs, which requires a higher level of local economy, can bear the operating costs in order to ensure the smooth operation of the disposal process.
Thirdly, a part of household garbage can be treated and utilized by other methods which are simpler, effective and energy-saving. For example, up to 28% of the dust in the municipal solid waste in Zunyi can be sorted and selected to be used. However, after the co-processing process is adopted, But also into the cement kiln "to accompany the high temperature," some of the waste of energy.
Fourth, it is not suitable for processing household garbage with high water content and low burning value. High water content of household waste will make a lot of heat to make useless consumption, for example, higher moisture content of fruits and vegetables in the water is heated to steam emissions, energy useless. Low burning value (less than 800 kcal / kg) of domestic waste requires additional fuel, to ensure normal production and operation, the energy structure is obviously not so reasonable.
Cement kiln co-disposal of domestic waste market prospects, environmental stage is large enough
The reason why municipal solid waste from cement kilns in China are slowly being co-disposed has been mainly due to the fact that there is no social basis for the classification of refuse. The government has called for the residents to carry out the garbage classification for several decades. However, there has been no major determination to do so from the center to the place. Although some advanced provinces also promoted the classification of rubbish to the level of local legislation, they failed to persist in the first place as soon as they encountered difficulties. Because there is no social basis for the classification of garbage, native rubbish can not be directly used by industrial kilns such as cement and can not be used to learn the patterns of developed countries in Europe and the United States. When you explain why China co-processing cement kilns slow, I must say that this reason is a fundamental obstacle.
Cui Yuansheng, deputy director and chief engineer of the Institute of Industrial Technology Information of Building Materials, analyzed the status quo and problems of garbage disposal in China's cement kilns. He pointed out that the data show that in 2015, the national urban waste generated about 179 million tons, if still in accordance with the 10% growth rate, by 2020 will grow to 288 million tons in 2014 to 464 million tons in 2030 up to 748 million tons. If zero population growth is achieved by 2035 and urbanization is basically completed, the total amount of waste will be considerable. He said that cement kiln co-disposal of domestic waste in our country has been carried out for more than 10 years, so far, no breakthrough in the proportion of alternative fuels reached 2%, while developed countries such as Germany, the best records have been as high as 60% or more, individual countries or even Reached a 100% replacement rate, a huge gap.
A large number of statistics show that in 668 cities in our country, taking into account the increase of garbage caused by population flow and the level of urbanization management, the daily output of garbage from mega-cities to medium-sized and small cities and large-scale townships ranges from 50 tons / day to 20,000 tons / day, in 2015 the national urban waste generated about 179 million tons. At present, the domestic untreated stock of garbage has reached more than 70 billion tons, occupying more than 500 million square meters of land. At present, the cost of co-processing household garbage in China's cement kilns is about 110 yuan / ton. Therefore, the co-disposal of cement kilns in the future will have a broad market in the future, which will not only solve the problem of garbage pollution, but also provide a market space for the transition of excess cement industry. It is foreseeable that China's cement industry will assume the function of co-disposal of waste will be an inevitable trend. Cement kiln co-disposal of domestic waste both in the cement industry in spring, but also the living garbage disposal technology spring.
â– government help, environmental protection enterprises have appeared on stage, beachhead beach
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