Scientists made a new type of high-capacity lithium-ion anode material

Since the 90's Sony introduced commercial lithium-ion battery, lithium-ion battery in the following 20 years has made great development. However, as the most important negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries, graphite has a theoretical specific capacity of only 372 mAh / g and the finished cell has a power density of only 100-150 Wh / kg, which can not meet the needs of the next generation of high-capacity high-power batteries. Because looking for a new type of high capacity anode material is imminent.

Ge has a theoretical specific capacity of about 1600 mAh / g (4.3 times that of graphite) and has a very large lithium ion diffusion coefficient (two orders of magnitude higher than Si), making it ideal for the next generation of new high-capacity Li-ion batteries. However, the low conductivity of Ge and the stress due to volumetric deformation during cycling lead to structural instability of the material, which hinders the further application of Ge.

Oliver G. Schmidt's group recently reported a new type of highly conductive Ge / Ti multilayer film. They spin-coated a layer of photoresist on the silicon wafer, followed by electron beam deposition of Ge and Ti followed by immersion of the sample into acetone to form a multilayer tubular Ge / Ti composite.

The multi-layer tubular Ge / Ti composite obtained in this paper has a great improvement in conductivity (2.38? 10-2 S? Cm-1) due to the high conductivity Ti between Ge and Ge as the conductive channel. Pure Ge tubular materials are two orders of magnitude more conductive (1.28? 10-4 S? Cm-1). On the other hand, the structural stability of Ge / Ti composites has been greatly improved due to the presence of Ti.

It is forecasted that both the charge-discharge cycle performance and the rate performance of Ge / Ti composite materials will be greatly improved in the condition that the material conductivity and structural stability are greatly improved. The simulated battery tests show that the specific capacity of the composite stabilized at 915 mAh / g after one hundred cycles of charging and discharging, which was higher than that of the pure Ge electrode (480 mAh / g) under the same conditions.

The above studies show that this new Ge / Ti composite material as the next generation of high capacity lithium-ion battery anode material great prospects, the relevant results published in Advanced Materials.

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