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An Kerui Qiu Hong
Jiangsu Ankerui Electric Appliance Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Jiangyin, Jiangsu 214405 , China
Abstract The Arcelor residual current electrical fire monitoring system is used to monitor electrical fires in low-voltage electrical distribution systems such as shopping malls, hotels, airports, banks, hospitals, and government agencies through the ARCM residual current electrical fire monitoring system. Through the introduction of the Ningbo Port Museum's electrical fire monitoring system project, this article focuses on the functions and significance of the Acrel-6000 electrical fire monitoring system.
Keywords: fire detectors; electrical fires; government agencies; museums;
0, foreword
In the past 10 years, the number of electrical fires in China has topped the total number of fire accidents. * Fire Department fire according to statistics, in 2007 a total of 159,000 since the fire broke out (not including forests, grasslands, *, underground mine fire, the same below), from the direct cause of the fire watch, electrical fire that caused the most, a total of 45703 , accounting for 28.8% of the total; 2008 fire were 133,000 cases, the cause of electrical short circuit, overload, electrical equipment failure caused the fire 40,000, accounting for 30.1% of the total, the proportion increased by 1.3 percentage points compared to 2007. The proportion of electrical fire accidents has increased year by year, which is worrying. For the severe electrical fire situation, early forecasting, early warning, and forecasting are the top priorities for firefighting, and eliminating the occurrence of electrical fires at the source has become the focus of attention. The task of preventing and effectively curbing electrical fires is imminent. Relevant state departments have successively formulated or revised relevant standards and specifications and required the installation of electrical fire monitoring and alarm systems in buildings.
Based on the new standard of electrical fire monitoring system ( GB14827-2014 ), taking the leakage monitoring system of Ningbo Port Museum as an example, this paper introduces the application of Acrel-6000 electrical fire monitoring system in museums and large-scale event venues.
1. Project Introduction
Ningbo China Port Museum is located in Yangshashan Scenic Area, Binhai New City, Chunxiao, Beilun District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province. It covers an area of 78 acres and has a total investment of 680 million yuan. It is funded by the Beilun District People's Government of Ningbo City and is built by the Port Museum and the National Underwater Cultural Heritage. The two parts of the Ningbo Base were established and opened in mid- October , 2014. According to the relevant electrical design, this project will forecast and monitor fires due to electrical leakage and leakage due to electrical leakage in the power distribution rooms on all floors of the museum. Accurately monitor the faults and abnormal conditions of electrical circuits, discover the fire hazards of electrical fires, and promptly alert personnel to eliminate these hidden dangers. Help users save labor costs, improve work efficiency, and reduce the probability of fire.
The system detects the leakage current, over-current, and over-temperature signals of each power circuit in the scene, and uses sound and light alarms to accurately alert the staff of the location of line faults and monitor the changes in the fault points. Storage of various faults and operational test signals, display system power status effectively prevent common electrical fire accidents caused by electrical leakage, and ensure the safety of people's lives and property.
2, reference standards
The system complies with the People's Republic of China national standard GB14287.1-2014 "Electrical fire monitoring system Part 1 : Electrical fire monitoring equipment."
3, the basic composition and working principle of the system
3.1 The basic components
According to the national standard GB14287-20 14 "Electrical fire monitoring system" and related specifications "Design method of electrical fire monitoring system" ( provisional regulations ) , the basic composition of the electrical fire monitoring system should include: electrical fire monitoring equipment, residual current electrical fire Monitoring detectors and temperature-detection type electrical fire monitoring detectors are composed of the three most basic product categories. Among them, the residual current type electric fire monitoring detector consists of a monitoring detector and a residual current transformer. The temperature-type electric fire monitoring detector consists of a monitoring detector and a temperature sensor.
The residual current type electric fire monitoring system adopts a hierarchical distributed structure and is composed of a station control layer, a network communication layer, and a field device layer. All electrical fire monitoring probes are connected to the communication server through a shielded twisted pair RS485 interface, using a MODBUS communication protocol bus type connection, and then enter the monitoring host through a Category Five TCP/TP protocol.
1) The field equipment layer is mainly used for leakage current and temperature signal acquisition and measurement of various types of leakage electric fire detectors in the connection network, and it is also a necessary basic element for constructing the monitoring system. Not only shoulder the burden of collecting data, but also the terminal component that executes background control commands.
2) The communication control layer is mainly composed of a protocol interface converter and a bus network. This layer is a bridge for data information exchange. Different interface conversion devices provide various interfaces such as RS232 , RS422 , RS485 , SPABUS , and Ethernet, flexible networking methods , support for point-to-point communication, fieldbus networks, Ethernet, and other types. The configuration network. The protocol interface converter is mainly used to directly relay on-site leakage fire detector tables to various control commands of the host computer, and is responsible for collecting, classifying, and storing the data information returned by the leakage fire detectors, such as temperature/residual current, etc. .
3) Management The monitoring and control layer is for managers of fire control. This layer directly faces the user. This layer is also the uppermost part of the system, mainly by the electrical fire monitoring system software and necessary hardware equipment such as human-machine interface, printers, UPS and so on. The software part has a good human-computer interaction interface. It reads the various data information collected by the front-end machine through the data transmission protocol, and is automatically calculated and processed to reflect the operating status of the site by means of graphics, digital display, and sound. Accept the operation command of the management personnel, send and check the execution status of the operation in real time to ensure the normal operation of the power supply unit.
3.2 Working principle
The basic principle is that when the parameters such as leakage current and temperature in the electrical equipment are abnormal or abrupt, the terminal probe ( such as residual current transformer, temperature sensor, etc. ) uses the principle of electromagnetic field induction and the change of temperature effect to collect the information. , And sent to the monitoring probe, through the amplification, A / D conversion, CPU to change the amplitude of the analysis, judgment, and compared with the alarm set value, once the set value is exceeded, send an alarm signal, but also transport In the monitoring equipment, it is further identified and judged by the monitoring equipment. When it is confirmed that a fire may occur, the monitoring host issues a fire alarm signal, turns on the alarm indicator, sounds the alarm, and displays the fire alarm and other information on the LCD. . The on-duty personnel quickly checks and handles the accident scene based on the above information, and sends the alarm information to the centralized console.
3.3 Design, Installation and Cabling Design of Monitoring System
The alarm signals of the electrical fire monitoring equipment and system shall be located in the fire control room or the place where the personnel is on duty. The host power supply should be taken from the control center's fire-fighting power supply (AC220V) . Each monitoring detector uses field power, and the power access point should be at the upper end of the circuit breaker.
1) Installation design of the interior of the distribution cabinet
This project is a new construction project. All the monitoring detectors are installed in the distribution cabinet in the substation, and they are embedded and installed on the panel of the distribution cabinet. The staff can check the leakage and temperature information of each circuit through the panel button. An residual current transformer set in A, B, C phase power supply lines and N line, PE line not through the transformer, the connection between the fixed firmly, and the probe should be shielded wire transformer; temperature sensor A thermistor, NTC, provides a temperature reference of -10 to 120 °C. The thermistor can be connected to a leakage fire monitoring detector via a wire.
2) Installation design of the entire leakage fire monitoring system
Each leakage monitoring detector in the site has a 485 communication interface, and all the detectors on the site must be connected in series by means of a shielded twisted pair. When connecting, note that the number of connections per 485 bus does not exceed 32 , and It is suitable for about 20 . When installing the wiring, attention should be paid to the separation of strong and weak wires. The recommended wire diameter of the flame-retardant shielded twisted pair cable should be no less than 1.0 mm2. The shielded wire shield layer should be well grounded, and each bus end should be increased by about 100 ohms. Matching resistance. Neat wiring, bundled into bundles, threading available flame retardant PVC pipe, metal pipe and metal trunking. After the pipe and slot are worn, the nozzle and slot shall be plugged.
3.4 Product Selection and Introduction
The entire port museum includes the port museum, aquarium, temporary exhibition hall, conference center, office, and catering. In this project, ARCM300 series, ARCM100-Z residual current monitoring detectors and AKH-0.66/L residual current transformers are installed on the distribution cabinet site. The AcrelAcrel-6000/Q200 electrical fire monitoring system is set up at the fire control center to facilitate the unified management of museum staff.
ARCM300 and ARCM100-Z series of electrical fire monitoring detectors are intelligent detector products that comply with GB 14287─20 14. The product can be used on a large number of online or stand-alone use (with leakage / overcurrent / temperature detection and alarm functions, and optional features: automatic shutdown of the monitored circuit during an alarm, that is, a relay output function). It integrates electrical fire monitoring detection, alarm functions and power distribution monitoring functions. Among them, ARCM100-Z is an integrated leakage current fire detector. It also has parameters such as measuring current, voltage, electrical degree, and power, with high intelligence and functionality. Complete, reliable performance, mini design, beautiful appearance, simple setting, rail-mounted installation and other features. It is a crystallization of a refreshing new idea design and is another new contribution to preventing electrical fire accidents.
Electrical fire monitoring detectors (hereinafter referred to as " monitoring detectors " ) consist of residual current transformers, temperature sensors, and monitoring alarms. When the remaining current transformers in the protected circuit (hereinafter referred to as " transformers " ) detect the remaining When the current exceeds the preset value of the monitoring alarm or the temperature detected by the temperature sensor exceeds a preset value, the monitoring alarm device will issue an audible and visual alarm signal and a control signal after analysis and confirmation. The monitoring alarm can display the leakage current of the alarm circuit, sensor temperature and so on. When the monitoring alarm has alarm information, start the relay. It can directly display the detection current value and temperature value without occupying a large equipment site, saving the cost of fire-fighting equipment and saving electricity and energy.
Acrel-6000 series monitoring equipment is the top of the entire electrical fire monitoring system. It can connect multiple ARCM series detectors to form a complete set of electrical fire monitoring system with sound and light alarm function. It also displays alarm loops synchronously and its alarm information. Can save more than 12 months, backup uninterruptible power supply can ensure that the city power loss after continuous operation for more than 4 hours, the monitoring system is divided into wall-mounted, piano desktop and cabinet type 3 , effective communication distance up to more than 1200 meters, multiple devices Equipment or other systems such as alarm and fire linkage systems, power monitoring systems, etc. can exchange data. And this series of monitoring equipment with self-test function, from the hardware, software, communication lines, power supply system in all aspects of self-test, in order to keep abreast of the system product running status, to ensure the reliability of the system operation.
3.5 software interface
This set of PC software Acrel-6000 electrical fire system. Mainly has the following function characteristic: The friendly man-machine contact surface, may gather the scene equipment the surplus electric current data and the temperature in real time and the time regularly, and has the warning prompt sound and light alarm and so on the function. The customer can set the alarm temperature value and leakage current value according to actual needs. When the alarm fault is removed, it can be reset remotely. The system can record alarm events, dates, alarm values, over-line values, and generate reports.
1) Data Acquisition and Display
The on-site leakage fire monitoring detector uploads the collected data to this interface. The user can modify the name of the circuit, monitoring location, and monitoring area as required. When the actual measured value of the residual current is greater than the alarm setting, the system alarm status indicator will automatically flash, and the status of the alarm unit in the corresponding interface will change in color, facilitating the operator to check and handle the alarm.
2) Fault display
When the monitoring device detects a device fault, the status color of the fault unit on the monitoring main interface is changed, the specific information of the faulty unit is displayed, and a fault alarm sound is issued. Supports manual cancellation of fault alarms.
3) Fault and alarm records
With the event storage function, the alarm can record the time, type, parameter and alarm value of the fault and the alarm. According to the alarm record, the fault reason can be analyzed to provide the basis for eliminating the fault.
4 Conclusion
With the development of smart buildings and the widespread use of electricity, people have become more aware of security awareness. The installation of leakage current fire system in public buildings is an inevitable trend of intelligent construction. The electrical fire system is conducive to discovering hidden dangers and dealing with safety hazards in a timely manner. It is of great significance to prevent fires from occurring. Since the Ningbo Port Museum was put into operation, the system has discovered and rectified many hidden dangers, greatly improved the work efficiency of the staff, ensured the steady and orderly conduct of the daily work of the museum, ensured the safety of people’s lives and property, and served as a public building. The fire management provided the scientific basis.
references
[1]. Cheng cause any week. Electricity measuring digital instruments Principles and Applications Guide [M]. Beijing. China Electric Power Press. 2007.4
[2]. Wu Enyuan Zhou Zhong Electrical Fire Monitoring System Design and Application 2012. 8
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