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The internal combustion engine has been criticized for its low energy conversion efficiency. Scientists have been trying to improve this situation. A few days ago, scientists from China and the United States jointly developed a nanogenerator capable of harvesting energy from the friction between automobile tires and the ground. It is expected that the waste energy will be recovered. It is said that the device can increase the fuel efficiency of the vehicle by at least 10%. Related papers were published in the recently published "Nano Energy" magazine.
　　
Researchers place nanogenerators on wheels of toy cars
Wang Xudong, an associate professor of materials and engineering at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and his doctoral student, Mao Yanchao, have conducted a one-year study on this device. They believe that this is a new approach to energy reuse, and that nano-generators will eventually provide automakers with an innovative method for vehicles to achieve better energy efficiency.
Triboelectric effect refers to the electrification of two different objects due to contact and friction. Nano-generators rely on this triboelectric effect to obtain electrical energy from changes in the potential difference between the road surface and the vehicle wheels.
Wang Xudong said: “The nano-generators provide a good way to collect the energy that is usually wasted. The friction between the tire and the ground consumes about 10% of the fuel of the vehicle. This energy is almost wasted. Therefore, if we can convert it into electricity again, we will be able to significantly improve the vehicle's fuel efficiency."
It is understood that such nanogenerators rely on segmented electrodes integrated into the tire to generate electricity. When this part of the tire surface is in contact with the road surface, the friction between the two surfaces will generate a charge due to the triboelectric effect. In the initial experiment, Wang Xudong and his colleagues used toy cars and light-emitting diodes to prove the concept. They attach the electrodes to the wheels of the toy car and light up the LED lights when the toy car is traveling on the ground. Experiments have shown that the electric energy generated by the friction-induced motion of the electrons is enough to drive the LED lamps. This energy can be completely collected and reused.
The researchers also determined that the efficiency of this frictional power generation is closely related to the weight and speed of the car. According to the difference between the vehicle and its driving status, there will be a corresponding change in power generation, but overall it is estimated that this device can increase the fuel efficiency of the vehicle by at least 10%.
Wang Xudong said: "This kind of energy has enormous potential. We believe that the full use of these energy is of far-reaching significance."
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