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Detonating equipment processing and detonating method
First, the detonation equipment processing
(A) a signal tube and a detonator in the rooms to be processed Reservoir blasting equipment, blasting equipment is prohibited during storage, and residential locations blasting process.
Urban demolition blasting and other short-term blasting projects not exceeding 6 months allow the processing of detonators and signal tubes in separate rooms, tents and other safe places near the working surface.
(2) The processing detonators and signal tubes shall be operated on a workbench with cushions and flanges. Bench should be installed with the thickness of the metal frame plate is not less than 8mm plexiglass shield to protect the operator's face and chest. When multiple worktables are processed at the same time, the end of the adjacent workbench shall be fitted with a hard board with a thickness of not less than 100 mm, a height of not less than 0.7 m, and the same width as the width of the table. The spacing between two adjacent worktables is not less than 1.5m.
The detonators stored on each workbench shall not exceed 100 rounds and shall be placed in a wooden box with a cover. Only one detonator is allowed in the operator's hand.
(3) The fuse and the detonating tube shall be cut using a sharp knife. The ends of each fuse or each of the detonators should be cut 5 cm first.
When cutting the fuse and the detonating tube, one end of each fuse should be cut into a vertical plane. Both ends of each detonating tube are cut into a vertical plane, and one end is sealed.
When cutting the fuse and the detonating tube, it is forbidden to stack the detonator on the workbench. The quality of the fuse and the detonating tube should be carefully checked before cutting. Any parts that are too thick, too thin, broken and other defects should be removed.
(4) Before assembling the detonating tube and the signal tube, the quality of the detonator must be checked one by one. If the tube is flattened, damaged, rusted, or the hat is inclined, it is strictly forbidden to use. There are debris in the detonator. It is strictly forbidden to blow with tools and mouth. Only use your fingers to gently remove debris. Detonators that do not emit debris are prohibited.
(5) The end of the fuse and the detonating tube shall be gently inserted into the detonator, and shall not be rotated. The metal shell detonator shall be tightly clamped with a safety tight jaw, and the red shell detonator shall be tightly banded with a tape or attached with a metal hoop.
(6) The processed detonating tube and signal tube shall be stored separately, and the signal tube shall be marked.
(7) Detonators and primers used for wet or watery working surfaces must be protected from moisture and water.
(8) The processing primer package and the primer column shall be carried out at a safe place near the blasting operation surface, and the processing quantity shall not exceed the required amount of the blasting operation on duty.
When processing a primer pack, apply a wooden or bamboo awl and tie a detonator-sized hole in the center of the explosive roll (package). The hole depth should be able to insert the entire detonator and not expose the medicine roll.
After the detonator is inserted into the medicine roll, the detonator is fastened by the foot line of the string or the electric detonator. When processing the primer column, the detonator must be placed in the reserved hole of the medicine column and it is forbidden to be exposed outside the medicine column.
(9) The detonation kit for drilling the wellbore shall be processed at a safe place 50m away from the wellhead. When the wellbore is deepened, it shall be approved by the leader of the unit blasting work to allow a special horizontal chamber in a certain horizontal layer in the wellbore. Processing a primer pack.
The coal charge package for chamber blasting shall be processed at a specific location 50 m away from the working surface.
Second, the method of detonation
(1) Before the use of the electric detonator, the electric detonator resistance value used in each blasting shall be detected one by one in a separate room (no more than six months of field mobile blasting operations allowed in an outdoor safe place) with a dedicated blasting instrument. The resistance value should be in accordance with the product certificate.
The resistance of the detonator should be measured on a flanged workbench. The detonator to be tested should be placed behind the shield or in the steel tube.
(B) for the electric detonator blasting network should be the same value of the difference in resistance with the same model plant, Kang EBW copper pipe must not exceed 0.3 [Omega], the resistance value of the difference between the nickel-chromium EBW tube shall not exceed 0.8Ω.
(3) Only use a dedicated blasting bridge to conduct the network and check the resistance. The operating current of a dedicated blasting bridge should be less than 30 mA. It is necessary to conduct the network and check the resistance on the work surface after the filling of the charge and the evacuation of the unrelated personnel.
(Iv) should be located intermediate main blasting network switch, and the power supply line routed separately from the other, should be well insulated conductor rails are not allowed to use iron, iron pipes, wire rope, and the ground water as a blasting circuit.
Open-pit blasting allows the use of bare conductors that are placed on pole magnetic cylinders, but the use of overhead lines for DC motor vehicles is not permitted.
(5) The disconnection and insulation of main lines, regional lines, end lines, power switches and sockets must be strictly checked. Before connecting to the network, each end should be shorted.
(6) The connection of the blasting network must be carried out in turn after all the blastholes (or pharmacies) of the working face are filled and the unrelated personnel are all evacuated to a safe place. The joints of the two wires should be staggered by 10cm. The joints must be firm and well insulated.
(7) Before the main line of the blasting is connected with the detonating power source or the detonator, the total resistance of the entire line must be measured. The total resistance value should be integrated with the actual calculation letter (allowable error ± 5%). If it does not match, the connection is forbidden.
(8) When coal mines with coal dust (including dust) and gas explosion hazard are used for electric detonation, only explosion-proof detonators shall be used as the coal-fired power source. In other cases, power, lighting, and qualified detonators are permitted as the detonating power source.
When the power is detonated, the current flowing through each detonator is: general blasting, the alternating current is not less than 2.5A, the direct current is not less than 2A; the large blasting, the alternating current is not less than 4A, and the direct current is not less than 2.5A.
(9) When the power source or the lighting power source is used for detonation, the detonation switch must be placed in the special detonating box that is locked.
The key to the detonating switch box and the key to the coal purifier must be strictly kept by the blasting work leader or the blaster designated by him during the entire blasting operation time and must not be handed over to others.
(10) When the stray current value of the blasting operation site is greater than 30 mA, the use of ordinary electric detonators is prohibited.
(11) Electric power detonation of subways, tunnels, underground chambers, groundwater projects and underground coal mining. When cables are used as special blasting lines, electrical lighting is allowed 50m away from the charging working surface.
The electric power of the underground metal mine is detonated. It belongs to the general blaster. Before installing the explosive charge, all the power supply of the working face must be removed. For the large blaster, the power failure range before the explosion is installed is determined by the design.
Large-scale blasting of open-air chambers, the power supply of each chamber should be removed before the explosion is installed.
(12) Various detonators and ohmmeter-specific ohmmeters, blasting bridges and other electrical instruments for detecting electric detonators and blasting network resistors shall be inspected once a month and before large blasting, and capacitive detonators shall be given at least monthly Can be once.
(13) It is forbidden to use the fuse to initiate the explosion in one of the following circumstances:
1. Blasting of shafts and inclined working faces with inclined angles greater than 30 workers;
2. Blasting of dangerous working face with biogas and dust explosion;
3. It can be ignited by means of long ladders, ropes and gantry, and it is difficult to evacuate to a safe place for blasting;
4. Deep hole blasting.
(14) When the fuse is detonated, it shall be ignited by one ignition method.
In the case of a single ignition, the number of large continuous ignitions (or the number of grouped ignitions), the underground explosion shall not exceed 5 (group), and the open-air explosion shall not exceed 10 (group).
The length of the fuse should be such that after the completion of the fuse, the personnel can be evacuated to a safe place, but not shorter than 1.2m.
(15) When the same working face is fired by more than one person at the same time, one of them shall be designated as the team leader, responsible for coordinating the ignition work, mastering the burning condition of the signal tube or the timing fuse, and issuing the order to evacuate to a safe place in time.
(16) When continuously igniting a plurality of fuses, the open-circuit blasting must first ignite the signal tube, and the downhole blasting must first ignite the timing fuse. After the signal tube is ringing or the timing fuse is burned, the personnel must evacuate immediately after the fuse is completed.
The length of the signal tube and the timing fuse shall not exceed one third of the length of the shortest fuse in the point fuse.
(17) It must be ignited by fuses or special ignition equipment. It is strictly forbidden to use matches, cigarette butts and lights to ignite. Do not step on and squeeze the ignited fuse.
Before ignition, the fuse must be cut 5 cm with a fast knife. It is strictly forbidden to cut the fuse while ignition.
(18) Only use a sharp knife to cut the hate, but it is forbidden to cut the detonator or the detonating cord inserted into the explosive.
(19) Detonating cords should be connected by lap joints, sailor knots, etc. When lap joint, the length of the two detonating cords shall not be less than 15cm, and there shall be no objects or explosives in the middle, and the binding shall be firm. The angle between the branch line and the main line's direction of explosion shall not exceed 90 degrees.
(20) The detonating cord network is prohibited from knotting or ringing except for the sailor knot in the continuous. When staggering the detonating cord, a spacer with a thickness of not less than 10 cm should be placed between the two detonating cords.
When the chamber is blasted, the place where the detonating cord is in contact with the ammonium explosive should be protected against oil leakage or plastic coated with detonating cord.
(21) The detonator of the detonating detonating cord shall be fastened 15 cm from the end of the detonating cord, and the concentrated point of the detonator shall be directed toward the detonating direction of the detonating.
(22) There shall be no dead knots in the network of the detonating tube, no joints in the holes, and sufficient spacing between the detonators outside the holes. The detonating tube used for the same working surface must be the same batch number product of the same factory.
(23) When using a detonator to detonate the detonating tube network, measures should be taken to prevent the detonator from detonating the detonating tube and the second deferred detonator to burn the detonating tube. The detonating tube should be evenly laid around the detonator and tied tightly with tape or the like.
(24) Blasting in a mine with the danger of mine dust, coal dust or gas explosion, it is forbidden to use the detonating tube to detonate.
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