Raising competitiveness comprehensively is the goal of the development of China's auto parts industry

The Main Problems Existing in China's Auto Parts Industry at Present

(I) The foundation is still poor

In recent years, driven by the rapid development of the automotive industry, auto parts and components have experienced rapid development. However, due to the long-term lag, the basis for the parts and components industry is still poor. First of all, the economy of scale has not yet been fully formed. It is very tense to meet the need for rapid development of automobile production. Secondly, high-tech products based on electronic information technology are still very weak. Except for audio systems, automotive-specific ICs, high-grade sensors, and microprocessors Basically, it is left blank, and it has to rely on imports. Third, the use of light metals and plastics based on aluminum, magnesium, titanium and other composite materials is still very little.

(II) Irrational industrial structure

At present, China’s auto parts enterprises are still at a relatively low level. China’s auto parts companies have not formed an industrial structure that is reasonably supported by specialized division of labor and sub-levels, and local, departmental, and corporate self-contained systems. Investment is dispersed and repeated. It is difficult to enter large-scale, profitable high-end markets without the formation of strong, competitive and large-scale backbone enterprises. Due to the dispersion of power, the overall advantages are difficult to manifest, resulting in less product development investment, backward means, and less data accumulation, and can not form a strong development capability, and it is difficult to meet the needs of foreign large-scale procurement.

At present, auto parts exports are still dominated by low value-added, raw materials, energy consumption, and after-market products, and export efficiency is poor. Among export enterprises, domestic-funded enterprises have relatively weak exports.

(III) Weak development capacity and lack of brand-name products

For a long time, China's auto parts have been moving with the host. The dominant right of product design is at the auto factory. The parts factory is only manufactured according to the plan. The products produced by the joint venture are even more so. Supporting suppliers do not have product development rights, which is inconsistent with the trend of global procurement. Some new specialized parts companies are changing this situation. Without solving this problem, it is impossible to develop its own product development capabilities.

The R&D investment of China's auto parts companies currently accounts for only about 1.4% of sales revenue (and there is a downward trend), which is far lower than the average 5% of multinational companies. The shortage of research and development funds directly led to the backwardness of R&D facilities, resulting in weak research and development capabilities. The lack of development capacity and the lack of competitiveness of self-owned brand products have seriously hampered the enhancement of the international competitiveness of auto parts.

(4) Small scale and low degree of specialization

At present, China's auto parts enterprises have not been fundamentally improved in the “weak, small, and scattered” situation. Tens of thousands of automobile parts and components companies have spread all over the country, and there are few requirements for economic scale. Most companies do not enter the complete vehicle market. It is a supplier of accessories for social maintenance services.

(5) Obvious tendency of marginalization of Chinese-funded parts and components enterprises

There is a prominent problem in the current auto parts industry, that is, the tendency of foreign investment holding and sole proprietorship is increasingly obvious. For example, Tangshan Aisin Gear, formerly a Sino-Japanese joint venture, later purchased Japanese shares and became a Japanese-owned company. In recent years, foreign-funded enterprises with wholly-owned and controlled subsidiaries in the spare parts industry have increased, such as: 70% shares of Guangzhou Toyota Engine Co., Ltd. in Japan; 60% shares of Volkswagen FAW Engine (Dalian) Co., Ltd.; Eaton Electronics (Zhongshan) Co., Ltd. Eaton 51% shares; Jinbei Uniform Automobile Parts Co., Ltd., South Korea Uniform Heavy Industry Co., Ltd. accounted for 51% of the shares.

As Europe and the United States, Japan and South Korea multinational parts and components companies follow the vehicle into China, their advanced management, leading technology, coupled with its continued efforts to continue the original supporting relationship, so that Chinese parts and components manufacturing companies is difficult to enter the vehicle market. Foreign parties strictly control technology spillovers, making Chinese-funded parts and components enterprises have a tendency to be marginalized in terms of investment, technology, and markets.

(6) The standardization of after-sales service market is not high

At present, most parts and components companies have not established a comprehensive service network, and their awareness of intellectual property and patent protection is not strong. Counterfeit and counterfeit parts and components have been repeatedly prohibited. Counterfeit infringements have occurred from time to time, failing to form a unified, orderly and standardized Aftermarket auto parts service market.

(7) Low level of product standardization, serialization, and generalization

Due to the fact that China's auto vehicles, especially passenger cars, are mainly from different countries and different companies, the standards adopted are different and the series are different. This brings greater standardization, serialization, and generalization of auto parts products. Difficulty has restricted the further development of the parts and components industry.

Raising competitiveness comprehensively is the main goal of China's auto parts industry during the "11th Five-Year Plan" period

(I) Basic tasks of the auto parts industry during the "11th Five-Year Plan" period

- To enhance the competitiveness of the auto parts industry and establish a complete industrial auto support system. China's auto parts industry should gradually increase scientific research investment, enhance the ability of independent innovation, foster independent brands, and form independent research and development and technological innovation capabilities as soon as possible. The adjustment of industrial structure should achieve remarkable results. Energy-saving, environmental protection, safety, and application of recycling technology should approach or reach the international advanced level, and participate in the cooperation and competition of the international automobile industry in a deeper degree, and the world’s major auto parts manufacturing bases should be initially established.

-- In accordance with the development trend of system development and modularization, parts and components companies should establish long-term strategic partnerships with vehicle companies, first establishing and forming auto parts supply systems for auto brands. Taking commercial vehicles and economical passenger vehicles as breakthroughs, it actively participates in product development of vehicle companies, integrates related parts and components resources, continuously improves the level of development of system components, and gradually establishes and perfects parts production systems and product standard systems to form parts and components. Systematization and modularization ability.

- Participate in the international division of labor, through the use of domestic comparative advantages, enter the global procurement system, and actively explore domestic and foreign markets.

-- Some leading enterprises have achieved initial advancement and sustainable development, focusing on the development and application of high-tech products and new materials, and producing internationally competitive products.

-- Encourage parts and components companies to adopt a variety of methods to "go global" and implement a "transnational operation" strategy.

(II) Improving the comprehensive level of parts and components industry is the basis for the automobile industry to become stronger and bigger

The development of the automobile industry must have strong support for the auto parts industry system. Although China's auto parts industry has greatly improved with the overall level of vehicle development, it still lags far behind the development of the entire vehicle and has not yet emerged from the weak, small, or scattered situation. Low market concentration, weak development capacity, low-tech products, and lack of long-term investment have become the key factors restricting the development of the auto industry.

During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, the auto parts industry must comprehensively improve its industrial competitiveness, and it can no longer take the development path of simply relying on investment to stimulate incremental growth, relying on large groups to establish closed parts manufacturing systems, and relying on excessive dependence on foreign technology and vehicle companies. . We must seize the opportunity of the country’s strategic opportunity to support independent innovation and the opportunities for the transfer of the international automotive industry, carry out necessary strategic adjustments, and promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure and product structure and the improvement of development capabilities to meet the needs of vehicle development and the needs of the market. .

During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, it is necessary to pay attention to the following development priorities in auto parts work:

The first is to strive to become an international auto parts procurement center. At present, the international community is facing a new round of automobile industry transfer, realizing local and regional production as global production and forming a new batch of automotive industry clusters. China, Eastern Europe, Southeast Asia and other regions have become regions with distinct features of the automotive industry cluster. According to relevant statistics, by 2010, the total trade volume of world automotive products is expected to reach 2 trillion US dollars. Multinational companies plan to purchase 50 billion U.S. dollars worth of parts and components in low-cost countries by the end of 2007, 70% of which target Chinese companies. China's auto parts industry must seize opportunities, make use of the established foundations, make use of comparative advantages, speed up the formation of a number of powerful parts and components companies and brand-name products, accelerate the construction of parts industry bases, and meet the needs of international OEM and after-sales service markets. .

The second is that enterprises must strive to improve their research and development capabilities, form their own characteristics and brands, achieve scale operations, and support multiple varieties, and the "two markets" should coordinate development. In particular, it is necessary to closely cooperate with the brand strategy of the entire vehicle company, and through joint cooperation, improve competitiveness, and gradually build an A-level image of “cost, quality, and high-tech” for auto parts products in China.

Third, in the face of market competition, the parts and components industry must accelerate the pace of industrial mergers and restructuring. During the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, mergers and acquisitions of vehicle companies provide conditions and beneficial lessons for component companies to implement industry integration, optimization and upgrading. Parts and components companies must review the situation, comply with the trend and necessity of industrial development, and consciously and actively carry out many Various forms of cooperation and cooperation increase the level of specialization and scale.

The fourth is to actively explore the development model of establishing a corporate alliance between parts and components companies and vehicle manufacturers. Parts companies must rely on self-owned brand vehicle companies to participate in simultaneous development, and parts companies and vehicle companies must become excessively dependent on each other to support and rely on each other. , mutual win and mutual benefit. To enhance the competitiveness of auto parts industry and promote sustainable development, we must pay attention to the development and application of high-tech products and new materials. Auto parts enterprises must follow the objectives set out in the Outline of the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan for Development of China's Automobile Industry”, combine their own realities, clarify the main direction of attack, and carry out work in a down-to-earth manner.

The National Development and Reform Commission regards comprehensively improving the competitiveness of the auto parts industry as the main goal of guiding the development of the parts and components industry in the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan”, which is to seize the key. We need to seriously study the evaluation system for the competitiveness of auto parts industry and analyze whether the current competitiveness is High status quo, reasons, and propose targeted solutions.

The establishment of the evaluation system is a very complicated system engineering, covering product competitiveness, enterprise competitiveness and industry management capabilities. The core is the industry benefit level and sustainable development capability.

The evaluation system should include the following:

1, has a considerable number of outstanding management and technical personnel;
2. The formation of independent development capabilities of key component factories and the mastering of core technologies;
3. Establishment of industry innovation mechanism;
4. Have a number of self-owned brands with certain popularity;
5, the control of industry standards;
6, the continuation of low-cost competitive advantage;
7. The number of large-scale enterprises and global suppliers;
8. Stable OEM market and expansion of export value;
9. The growth of economic benefits in the industry;
10. The simultaneous development of related industries.

International competitiveness is mainly reflected in the product export market and the technical level of export products. The competitiveness of component companies is mainly reflected in labor productivity, manufacturing costs and the company's comprehensive innovation capabilities.

China's auto parts industry is in a new round of peak development. The sustained and stable development of China's economy, the continuous prosperity of the auto market, the favor of international buyers for Chinese auto parts and components, and the national "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" for the development of autos to fully enhance the competitiveness of the auto parts industry, as China's auto parts The development has brought great opportunities. According to the targets set in the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” development plan for parts and components, we will certainly be able to open up a new phase of competitive and harmonious development of the Chinese auto parts industry.

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