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As a key component of a diesel engine, the turbocharger can effectively improve the engine's dynamic performance. The quality of the dissimilar material welding has a decisive influence on the overall performance. Recently, the Joint Laboratory of Engine Science and Engineering of the Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences has made significant progress in the laser welding of dissimilar materials in turbochargers. Compared with the traditional welding process, the optimized laser welding process meets the requirements of high welding strength, greatly improves the welding efficiency, and provides important technical support for improving the performance of diesel engines.
In the diesel engine supercharger, the materials of turbine blades and vortex rods are respectively nickel-base cast superalloy K418 and alloy medium-tempered quenched and tempered steel 42CrMo. The laboratory first systematically drills down the laser welding process for dissimilar alloy materials of K418 and 42CrMo. Based on the analysis of the hot crack formation mechanism, a method for preventing hot cracks was proposed. By controlling the energy distribution of the laser in time and space, the phenomenon of partial melting and unfusion of the weld due to the difference in the thermophysical properties of dissimilar metals was solved. Research shows that the optimized welding procedure can ensure that the tensile strength of the weld is higher than that of the parent metal.
In the diesel engine supercharger, the materials of turbine blades and vortex rods are respectively nickel-base cast superalloy K418 and alloy medium-tempered quenched and tempered steel 42CrMo. The laboratory first systematically drills down the laser welding process for dissimilar alloy materials of K418 and 42CrMo. Based on the analysis of the hot crack formation mechanism, a method for preventing hot cracks was proposed. By controlling the energy distribution of the laser in time and space, the phenomenon of partial melting and unfusion of the weld due to the difference in the thermophysical properties of dissimilar metals was solved. Research shows that the optimized welding procedure can ensure that the tensile strength of the weld is higher than that of the parent metal.
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