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Environmental Management and Rehabilitation Industry Development of Polluted Venues in China
From a global perspective, our country has become one of the most dynamic areas for soil remediation, with an overall large scale and fast growth trend. The emphasis attached by the central and local governments to soil environmental protection and pollution prevention and control has been constantly increasing, supervision and regulation have been continuously strengthened, and the organization and management system has been developed and perfected. In May 2016, the State Council promulgated the Action Plan on Prevention and Control of Soil Pollution (hereinafter referred to as "Soil 10") and the promulgation of "Soil 10" is a landmark event in the field of soil environment management in China. This medium- and long-term plan has also made reasonable arrangements for the environmental management and risk control of the contaminated sites caused by industrial and mining activities and the dumping and disposal of wastes.
As an important aspect of soil pollution control in our country, the repair of contaminated sites has made rapid progress in independent development of industries. The accumulation of engineering technology and professionals is increasing. The accumulation of engineering experience including the rehabilitation of large and complex venues has increased, and the international cooperation and exchanges have been frequent. The initial maturity of the direction. After several years of management practice in our country, a number of management systems and regulatory tools have been formed. Soil environmental legislation is also rapidly advancing. As a whole, a good regulatory atmosphere and a prototype of the framework have been formed, laying a solid foundation for the development of industrial sites for the repair of contaminated sites Very good foundation.
It should be pointed out that, unlike many developed countries in the West, the property rights of land based on public ownership in our country, to a certain extent, result in ambiguities in the power and responsibility for soil (including site) pollution prevention and control. Compared with the developed countries like the United States and other western countries, our overall capability in environmental regulation of the soil is obviously inadequate, including manpower, equipment and management systems. Due to the rapid economic development in recent decades, there is a large stock of contaminated sites and heavy remediation and management tasks. In general, there is still a long way to go in the field of environmental remediation and treatment in our country.
Understanding of the Basic Connotation of Ten Torts
The "Soil Ten Articles" is a programmatic plan that guides our country's current and future soil environmental management work. It is a timely response under the pressure of the soil environment and a fundamental need to improve the environmental quality. "Soil Ten" and "Water Pollution Prevention and Control Plan" "Air Pollution Prevention and Control Plan" together constitute the core cornerstone of China's environmental pollution control in the coming period. This plan has a special status and a great impact. Its connotation and requirements have been recognized by local governments and people from all walks of life, which is beneficial to the overall promotion of pollution prevention and control and management. This plan has set the general tone and development direction for the development of soil pollution prevention and control industry in our country, including site restoration and management.
"Soil ten" is a systematic solution, the plan requires a clear responsibility for soil pollution control subjects, emphasizing the combination of prevention and control, protection and restoration of both, efforts to control soil pollution increase, and gradually reduce the stock of pollution, highlight the protection of fine protection strategies and measures Is a rational plan of action that takes into account both effectiveness and sustainability. "Soil ten" proposed to develop the construction of residential, commercial, school, medical and pension institutions and other projects as the focus of contaminated land to carry out construction land management and repair, while the implementation of soil and site restoration and management of the system of life-long responsibility for the fundamentals Avoiding secondary pollution problems of contaminated land management provides a powerful institutional guarantee for enhancing the sustainability of restoration efforts.
Several Opinions on Decision - making of Risk Control and Rehabilitation in Polluted Venues in China
After the promulgation and implementation of "Soil Ten Articles", China's soil remediation and management industry ushered in new opportunities for development. The new situation has set new and higher requirements for the development of remediation technologies and the remediation of contaminated sites in China. In the process of remediation decision-making, we need to be more pragmatic and take greater account of China's basic national conditions. In the coming period, we should attach great importance to the issue of restoration strategies for high-risk venues and strive to seize the major contradictions. As a developing country, we must gradually develop an economically viable technical system for the remediation of contaminated sites on the basis of drawing on and absorbing the experiences of developed countries.
Consideration of the National Conditions in the Rehabilitation Technology Decision
Screening and decision-making of restoration technology is the key to environmental restoration work, which is related to the success or failure of the restoration work. Careful consideration should be given in the process of technology introduction, digestion, absorption and localization. It is a complicated and comprehensive process to fix technical decision-making. The result is affected by natural and social conditions and human factors, and there are differences between east and west and regional differences. This deserves attention. With the rapid development of soil pollution prevention and soil remediation in our country today, understanding this point will help to eliminate the deviation of the decision-making process and promote the fine development of soil remediation in our country.
In terms of natural conditions, China has a vast territory with rich diversity of soil parent materials and soil types. Soil acid-basicity and organic matter content vary greatly in different areas. At the same time, climate and other environmental conditions are significantly different, and nationally, consideration of remediation technologies and strategies should be differentiated. From the point of view of social development, the industrial structure in different regions is different, the types of pollutants and pollutants are obviously different, and the development of the region is imbalanced, and the acceptability of the economic costs of specific rehabilitation technologies is also very different. This feature also determines the diversity of repair technology applications in our country.
Risk Control and Repair of Volatile Semi-volatile Organic Contaminated Sites
Volatile semi-volatile organic contaminated sites are an important type of contaminated sites in China. Foreign statistics show that such venues account for more than 80% of the total amount of contaminated sites, with a large amount of pollutants, heavy pollution, complex pollutants, high toxicity and health risks. In its repair process, due to the volatilization and diffusion of pollutants or the adsorption of pollutants in soil particles with the migration of dust, which directly affects the health of constructors and surrounding people and the surrounding ecological environment. In the mass incidents involving site pollution in China, , Volatile semi-volatile toxic organic contaminated sites accounted for the vast majority.
In view of this, we should strengthen the supervision and control of the environmental risk control and restoration process of volatile semi-volatile organic contaminated sites, establish the secondary pollution risk control technical specifications, strengthen the implementation of third-party environmental supervision, do a good job in personnel safety protection and emergency contingency plans, Effectively ensure the normative nature of the site restoration process, ensure the quality of environmental engineering and relevant environmental protection measures are effectively implemented to ensure that sensitive receptors (schools, residential areas, etc.) around the site are not harmed.
Concerns about the sustainability of restoration models and confidence in the development of repair technologies
In recent years, due to the influence of "neighbor avoidance effect", in situ restoration of sites has become the first choice in the field of restoration technology decision-making. Article 23 of "Soil Ten Articles" also clarifies that the site management and restoration works are carried out on principle. In fact, in situ repairs are sometimes subject to limitations such as technical feasibility and cost and are difficult to implement. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to adopt reasonable solutions and strategies for rehabilitating local conditions and paying attention to the diversity and sustainability of restoration models.
It is worth pointing out that for some time now there has been a lack of confidence in the localization of advanced international repair technologies in our country and the development of remediation technologies for contaminated sites in our country. With the constant development of our country's restoration industry, we have reason to believe that our country's indigenous restoration technologies will continue to progress. From these years of engineering practice, our country has made gratifying achievements in the localization development of some key repair technologies. Such as mechanical ventilation for the repair of contaminated sites of volatile organic compounds (also known as room temperature analytical techniques), the use of foreign cases is very limited, the use of the technology to deal with a small amount of earthwork. In recent years, with the technological breakthroughs and cost optimization of some key links, several large venues in China have achieved good restoration and treatment effects through the adoption of mechanical ventilation technology, repaired millions of cubic meters of contaminated soil, and cost Has been well controlled, the repair cycle is greatly shortened, and made an important contribution to the control and risk control of the contaminated sites in China.
China's contaminated sites to repair the future development of industry focus
Industrial development is the eternal theme of human civilization. It is difficult to avoid site pollution due to industrial activities, resulting in increased pollution at the site. The promulgation and implementation of "Soil Ten Articles" provide the direction and development opportunities for the comprehensive development of the site restoration industry in our country. In general, under the framework of "Soil 10", China's site restoration and related industries are facing some opportunities for development. First, the business needs of the soil environment investigation and testing market are increasing. Second, with the strengthening of risk management and control, The third is that the market for enterprise environmental management based on site pollution prevention has become a new growth point; the fourth is that the technology services for environmental pollution prevention and control, the informatization services and the training services for improving the level of the repair industry are gradually being optimistic; the fifth is the lifelong restoration project Accountability will greatly promote the repair supervision market and third-party regulatory services. Facing the development opportunities, the industry should continuously improve its own abilities. Internationalization of vision, diversification of business models and refinement of technology and management are the two major areas where China's venues remediation industry should focus ahead in enhancing its overall competitiveness.
Vision of internationalization
China's site restoration industry is getting more and more internationalized. International excellent ideas, excellent talents, excellent technology, equipment and management are constantly introduced. Repair industry to North America, Europe and Japan study more and more. If we want to promote the follow-up development of domestic site restoration industry in a down-to-earth manner, we must continue to expand our international perspective and learn from the experiences and lessons of advanced countries. This is the most intelligent way of development.
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