Top Ten Changes in the Ten Years of Chemical Fertilizer Distribution System Reform

For ten years, the history of civilization of five thousand years of human beings is like a drop in the ocean. It is fleeting and even negligible. However, for the reform of China's chemical fertilizer distribution system, the past decade has been a key part of its development. Ten years is both the end of the last phase and the beginning of the next phase. Let us see what the past decade has brought us -
In 1998, the State Council's No. 39 document clearly stated that the circulation system of chemical fertilizers cancelled the mandatory plan and implemented market allocation of resources. In the past 10 years, the fertilizer circulation market has undergone tremendous changes. The entire industry is full of vitality and is full of vitality, mainly in the following ten aspects:
First, both production and sales are prosperous and the market supply is sufficient. Under the influence of economic laws, chemical fertilizers have broken through the planned economic system and released tremendous vitality. Fertilizer distribution companies, after losing their mandatory planning tasks, have integrated through various forms such as restructuring, asset restructuring, shareholding cooperation, introduction of investors, and joining, and built a stable marketing system with their inherent economic links, and their own strength has been continuously enhanced. The market control capability and business development have all been greatly improved; after the production enterprises have obtained the autonomy of sales, their operating capabilities have become more flexible, they have digged their internal potential, expanded their production and increased efficiency, and in particular, some companies have also established their own set of The sales system has become a force that cannot be ignored in the fertilizer circulation market. With the joint efforts of circulation enterprises and production enterprises, in the past 10 years, China's agricultural production and use of fertilizers have increased at a rate of 5% each year, and fertilizer production has increased at an annual rate of 8-9%, basically keeping pace with the demand for agricultural production. After the government's mandatory plan was lost in the fertilizer market, there was not only a shortage but no “fat”. The vast majority of producers, operators, and consumers not only enjoy the results of the reforms, but also basically achieve a steady growth in the supply of the fertilizer market.
Second, macro-control, guidance and strengthening. In the period of planned economy, in order to do a good job of fertilizers for agricultural production, the government produces and distributes chemical fertilizers in one package, from raw material purchases, energy supply to fertilizer sales plans, transportation, prices, and rates. On the one hand, it has played a decisive role in ensuring the supply of chemical fertilizers. However, on the other hand, problems have emerged endlessly. Pressing the gourd on the gossip has been overwhelming, and the governor’s responsibility system for chemical fertilizer supply has been implemented in the country, but it can only be solved once and it cannot be fundamentally solved. problem. In particular, due to administrative intervention, enterprises have little autonomy to dare to offend the government, and they dare not neglect the superiors, leading to a unique phenomenon of "strip fats," that is, having access to chemical fertilizers, reselling, and profiting from it. These are not related to real fertilizer operators. They only consider their own interests, but do not take responsibility for the market, causing public anger. With the establishment of the status of marketization of fertilizers, the government has emerged from the work of specific issues, focusing on macro and overall issues in the supply of chemical fertilizers, controlling market prices, guaranteeing supply, testing soil formulas, purchasing direct subsidies, and counterfeiting. A series of policies, such as tariffs and tariffs, have been issued with remarkable results and obvious effects. They have played a role in guiding the healthy development of fertilizer circulation rather than intervention, and have played a huge role in promoting the sound development of the fertilizer market. In the past 10 years, under the guidance of the government, the fertilizer market has achieved prosperous production and sales, and the companies involved in the fertilizer industry have really begun to step into the market instead of looking for the mayor. In the broad market, it can be said that “the sky is high and the birds fly, and the sea is rich. "It basically achieved government satisfaction, business satisfaction, and consumer satisfaction."
Third, the two-way extension, highlighting the market players. In the period of planned economy, chemical fertilizers circulate. Because the division of labor is clear, production companies are only responsible for production. Circulation companies are only responsible for the allocation and supply of fertilizers. They are responsible for their respective duties and perform their duties. On the surface, this division of labor is reasonable, but in fact it is It is contradictory that production companies complain that their products do not have sales autonomy and are subject to circulation enterprises. Profits are earned by circulation companies. Distribution companies also have difficulties and are inevitably exposed. The purchase and sales prices are controlled by the state and the rate is determined. Death, especially the protection of supply is the first priority. When the purchase price is not in place, priority must be given to guarantee the supply of goods. With the rapid development of the marketization of fertilizer circulation, in order to meet the needs of the market, the companies involved in the fertilizer industry have broken the old marketing system, merged and reorganized and reformed and emerged in an endless stream. In this process, circulation companies have expanded into the production field and the production companies have expanded. Two obvious characteristics of circulation enterprises' extension. Both sides have no policy protection, and they have to face the competition in the market. The reality links the two parties together. Some production enterprises also cooperate with local circulation enterprises to set up factories in the main production areas for agricultural production. According to the local soil nutrient conditions and crop planting structure, special fertilizers are researched and produced; some circulation enterprises are engaged in beneficiation, mining and processing of fertilizer resources. Production; Some manufacturing companies make no effort to expand and reproduce after no sales pressure. This kind of investment boom has not only changed the monotonous nature of the company's business, but also through this model, production has promoted circulation, and circulation has brought about production. This relationship has transcended both direct and short-term interests, building on a broad and firm foundation. Focus on long-lasting, profound and sincere friendship, thus establishing the company's dominant position in the market, achieving the common development of corporate brand and product brand, becoming an important pillar in the domestic fertilizer market. This combination not only firmly grasps the market's initiative, but also becomes a strong barrier in the market, unmatched and invincible.
Fourth, hard work, international competitiveness. Before the fertilizer market was liberalized, China’s fertilizer production and supply were suppressed by the international market. Every year, a large amount of chemical fertilizers were imported. Foreign companies made a huge profit from the Chinese market, but they still did not know enough, and they strongly demanded that the retail market should be liberalized. Want to rely on their own superior position, directly intervene in the distribution of domestic fertilizer distribution, the purpose is to control the domestic fertilizer market. At the beginning of China's chemical fertilizer market liberalization, it was at the time of China's accession to the WTO that in order to prevent the domestic chemical fertilizer market and the fertilizer industry, which is still in a weak position, from prematurely being impacted by foreign investors, during the negotiations, the Chinese government won five years after joining the WTO. Only foreign investors completely liberalized the protection period of the fertilizer market. In the face of this rare opportunity, all domestic companies are struggling with their internal strength. Under the pressure of "the wolf has come," they have made strenuous efforts and achieved outstanding performance. The total production volume and supply have set a historical record. At present, the protection period has long passed, but foreign investors have not entered the threshold of China's fertilizer market. On the contrary, China has turned from a pure importer of chemical fertilizers into an exporter, causing shocks in the international market, and foreign investors are not afraid to ignore the domestic fertilizer market. This result should be attributed to the reform of the chemical fertilizer circulation system.
Fifth, the competition is full and local protection is restrained. Under the influence of market mechanisms, changes in the distribution system of fertilizers, such as a gigantic flood, have become irresistible. In order to protect the interests of local companies in the first place, they have set limits and have tried every possible way to stop foreign fertilizers from entering the local market and limit foreign companies from entering the local market. Engaging in chemical fertilizer operations and thoroughly liberalizing the current market fully demonstrates that the power of the reform of the chemical fertilizer circulation system forces people to face reality and change their concepts, and ultimately realizes the transparency and fairness of the fertilizer circulation market. Businesses fight in the market competition, rely on local protection, like flowers in the greenhouse can not see the sun, can not withstand the storm. In the past 10 years, there has been a short-lived situation. When the fertilizer market opened up, some companies that had not previously operated chemical fertilizers were profiting from the chemical fertilizer industry. They thought that it was a piece of fat and they were involved in operations. However, they did not last long. To be eliminated by the market, the most prominent ones are the "Delong", "Golden Valley" and fertilizer operations of the post and telecommunications system. This also fully demonstrates that the competition in the fertilizer market is sufficient and fair. It is not only possible to do it with money, but also without having an umbrella to sit back and relax. If we want to base ourselves on it, we must respect the internal objective. law.
Sixth, the market is purifying, and circulation is improving. With the accelerating process of the marketization of chemical fertilizers circulation, chemical fertilizer circulation enterprises have introduced modern and advanced management methods and business concepts into the circulation of chemical fertilizers, with the most prominent being chain distribution. They have successively used China Agricultural Assets Group’s “China Agricultural Resources” and Jiangsu Province. “Su Nong”, Anhui “Hui Long”, Sichuan “Bang Li Da”, Guangxi “Fu Man Di”, Shanghai “Cha De Le”, Henan “Yu Nong”, Hunan “Xiang Nong”, and Xinjiang “farmland”, these Excellent corporate brands have sprung up and emerged in the fertilizer market. To build brands, they have implemented integrated purchasing and sales operations, unified labeling, unified service standards, unified pricing, and unified market operations, gradually occupying the dominant position in the market. , And has developed into a consumer's assured shop and shop of choice, with its continuous enhancement and expansion, which effectively curbed the existence of counterfeit in the market, play a leading role in the purification market. In particular, efforts have been made at all levels of government to strengthen market supervision and intensify efforts to crack down on counterfeit and inferior commodities that were once used to control agricultural products. The order of the fertilizer circulation market has been further improved, and the incidents involving agricultural farmers have been declining year by year. Judging from the market investigation, shoddy products are almost extinct, but there are still phenomena of counterfeiting famous brands, mainly non-brand fertilizer counterfeit brand fertilizer, counterfeit imported fertilizer, its high degree of simulation, to bring evidence, attack brought about a certain degree of difficulty, but also counterfeit Injuries are caused, but the damage to agricultural production has been greatly reduced.
In seven, joint cooperation, the market is integrated. Looking at the domestic chemical fertilizer market, at the beginning of the release, it was basically weak, small, scattered and chaotic. No matter whether it is a production enterprise or a circulation enterprise, any one company does not have the ability to control the market, but they all show their talents and pretentiousness. The tendency of swallowing to seize the market, however, is limited after all. After the baptism of fierce market competition, it became clearer that price wars are untenable in the market, they are each fighting, and they are rivals. The result can only be a lose-lose. In particular, the domestic fertilizer market is vast, and no one can monopolize this market. After calm thinking, everyone began to attach importance to cooperation and cooperation to become consensus. Therefore, the combination of manufacturers, merchants and merchants, and factories and plants became a realistic choice, and the vendors jointly integrated their respective resource advantages and marketing network advantages. The business alliance unites everyone's network advantages, and the factory and factory unite to unite everyone's resource advantages. Through mutual equity participation, mutual shareholder, or acquisition, merger, reorganization, etc., the partners are closely linked to their respective interests. Together, mutual benefits and mutual benefits have been achieved, market competitiveness and influence have been consolidated and strengthened, and the ability to control and prevent risks has also increased. In the past 10 years, the rapid development of this consortium and the successful operation of the consortium have not only changed the phenomenon of weak, small, scattered, and chaotic fertilizer markets in China, but also played an important role in stabilizing the market.
Eight, service enhancement, consumers benefit. In the fierce market competition, companies in the industry have gradually realized that services are the first, and good services are the best and most effective means of competition. Fertilizer managers change from a single product operation to services, ideas, brands, images and many other aspects and high-level orientation. While providing good quality fertilizer products, many companies are also committed to popularizing scientific farming and scientific fertilization knowledge to farmers' friends. Through a series of agrochemical service activities such as soil testing formulations, popularization of science and technology, and organization of agricultural experts to the countryside, on-site guidance Other activities to meet the farmers' needs for scientific fertilization knowledge and technology, and thus enhance their brand's influence and affinity; some also sent fertilizer to the countryside, extending service time to meet the needs of consumers. These effective service measures have infiltrated each other in the fertilizer market, followed each other and gradually formed an atmosphere. Winning the market with good services, winning farmers, and improving market competitiveness have become the most realistic choices for operators. The result is that the majority of consumers are the biggest beneficiaries.
Nine, structural changes, fertilization more reasonable. For a long time, China's agricultural fertilizers are dominated by single-fertilizers, and farmers in particular prefer urea. This result leads to low utilization of fertilizer efficiency, pollution of the environment, and consolidation of soil. Through reform and opening up, the scientific concept of fertilization in foreign countries was introduced into China. The majority of farmers began to receive phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, and compound fertilizer, and their demand continued to increase. This result also accelerated the structural adjustment of the fertilizer industry. In the past 10 years, China’s phosphate fertilizer production has been in short supply before the fertilizer market opened up, and the basic balance between supply and demand has now been developed; high-concentration compound fertilizers have also changed from the dismal start of sales, tying, and backlog to the current production and sales boom. After many compound fertilizer companies emerged from their predicament, they further intensified technological transformation and increased their scientific and technological content, which also enabled China's highly efficient slow-release fertilizers to develop vigorously, fundamentally changing the fertilizer habits of farmers preferring nitrogen fertilizers. The structural changes in agricultural fertilizers not only reduce the burden on farmers, reduce labor intensity and save costs, but also narrow the gap between agricultural fertilizers in developed countries in China and the rest of the world and make them more scientific and environmentally friendly. This is the biggest contribution to agricultural production.
X. Be honest and trustworthy and become a consensus of the market. In the period of planned economy, although the government spent a lot of effort to ensure the supply of chemical fertilizers, there was still a lingering aftermath, namely, “triangular debt”. County-level circulation enterprises owed provincial-level circulation enterprises, and provincial enterprises owed Central enterprises and central enterprises owed production companies, and production enterprises owed enterprises that supplied raw materials and energy. This kind of debt chain is like a mess, it is clear every year, and it happens every year. It has become a lingering pain for companies in the company of fertilizers, causing complaints among companies. It often requires the government to come forward for coordination. It must also take planning indicators to say things. Failure to repay the loan in time will reduce the number of plans for the next year, which will seriously restrict the healthy development of the fertilizer market. After the release of the fertilizer market, as companies have the right to self-management, the importance of mutual trust between companies, and adherence to the contract began to enter the hearts of people, popular, and gradually cultivated everyone's awareness of the legal system, but also enable enterprises to pull out from the quagmire of the "triangular debt." It emerged, and thus rejuvenated in the market, laid a good foundation for the stable development of the market, but also become a strong backing for the healthy development of the market.
Looking back at the ten years of changes in the domestic chemical fertilizer market, it should be said that this decade is the most brilliant decade. It is the fastest growing, more rational and perfect decade for the fertilizer market. It is also the fastest growing chemical fertilizer industry in China, and the product structure is becoming more reasonable. In the ten years, all this was attributed to the state's reform of the chemical fertilizer circulation system. The energy generated by the reforms promoted the rapid development of the domestic fertilizer market and created favorable conditions for agricultural production. Looking ahead, we have a long way to go, especially with the current impact of global economic integration. In the case of significant increases in the prices of energy and raw materials, the increase in fertilizer prices has been far greater than the increase in the prices of domestic agricultural products. This is in agricultural production. This is a serious test. It requires the government to increase macro-control efforts, but also requires people to pay more attention to the development direction of the fertilizer industry and seek good solutions to ensure the healthy and stable development of the fertilizer industry.

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