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Mine ventilation, mine facilities is an important part of the ventilation system, it's reliable or not, the function is normal play, directly related to the safe production of coal mines. In the event of an error, a serious security incident can occur. Through the mine ventilation equipment and facilities, the air volume in each area of ​​the mine can be effectively adjusted to ensure the reasonable and reliable ventilation system of the mine. The mining face has sufficient fresh air flow and air volume, and the concentration of toxic and harmful gases in the well meets the relevant regulations. Practice has proved that in accordance with the requirements of “fixing production by windâ€, the normal operation of mine ventilation equipment and facilities plays an important role in safeguarding coal mine gas prevention and production safety.
Mine ventilation facilities serve to guide, control, or improve the effectiveness of ventilation in the ventilation system. Mine ventilation facilities mainly include dampers, wind walls, wind bridges, wind rafts and wind screens. Mine ventilation equipment includes main fans, local fans and air ducts.
a, the damper. The damper is a ventilated structure that needs to cut off the wind flow and pedestrians and traffic. It is divided into two types: automatic opening and manual opening. The requirements for the damper include: it should be turned against the wind flow; each damper must have at least two lanes with a spacing of not less than 5 m; the structure should be tight and the air leakage should be small.
b, wind wall. The wind wall is commonly known as a closed structure. It is a structure that blocks the wind flow and is installed in a roadway that needs to block the wind flow without pedestrians and traffic. Its role is to close the goaf, the fire zone and the abandoned old alley.
c, wind bridge. The wind bridge is a kind of ventilation structure that crosses the inlet and return air flows that intersect the two planes. The return air flows through the bridge and the fresh incoming air flows under the bridge.
d, popular. The wind tunnel is a section of the roadway connecting the main fan unit and the return air shaft. The section shape is usually circular or arched to guide the wind flow.
e, adjust the wind window. The adjusting wind window is installed on the damper, which is a wind adjusting device for increasing the wind resistance, and is used for adjusting the air volume between the working faces in the mining area, between the mining areas and between the production levels.
g, the main fan. The main ventilator is used to ventilate a wing (zone) in a mine or mine. If the main ventilator is shut down and there is no fresh air flow downhole, the entire mine will stop production.
h, local ventilator. The local ventilator is used for ventilation at local locations in the mine, such as the ventilation of the heading roadway.
2) Provisions on ventilation equipment
The "Safety Regulations for Coal Mines" provides the following provisions for ventilation equipment:
The main ventilator mine must be mechanically ventilated. The installation and use of the main ventilator shall comply with the following requirements:
a. The main ventilator must be installed on the ground; the wellhead with the ventilator must be tightly closed, and the external air leakage rate should not exceed 5% when there is no lifting equipment, and should not exceed 15% when the equipment is hoisted.
b. The main fan must be operated continuously.
c. Two sets of main fan units of the same capacity must be installed, one of which is reserved. The backup ventilator must be able to start within 10 minutes. One set of ventilator and one spare motor can be installed during the construction of the well. The production of 2 sets of main ventilators with different capabilities in the mine can continue to be used when meeting production requirements.
d. It is strictly forbidden to use local ventilator or fan group as the main ventilator.
e. The vent door should be installed at the outlet of the air outlet with the main ventilator. The explosion-proof door should be inspected and repaired once every 6 months.
f. Check the main fan at least once a month. When changing the number of ventilator revolutions or blade angles, it must be approved by the person in charge of the mine technology.
g. Before the newly installed main ventilator is put into use, the ventilator performance measurement and commissioning work must be performed once, and the performance measurement should be performed at least once every 5 years.
The local ventilator and air duct should be installed and used in accordance with the following regulations: the local ventilator must be managed by the designated personnel to ensure normal operation; the pressure local ventilator and starting device must be installed in the air inlet roadway and return to the roadway. The air outlet shall not be less than 10m; the air volume supplied to the full wind pressure must be greater than the suction air volume of the local ventilator. The minimum wind speed in the roadway between the local ventilator installation location and the return air vent must comply with relevant regulations; antistatic and flame retardant must be adopted. Air duct. The distance from the air duct mouth to the heading face and the installation of the local ventilator and the air duct of the mixed ventilation shall be clearly specified in the operating regulations; the local ventilator of the low gas mine heading face may be equipped with a selective leakage protection device. The power supply line is powered or separated from the coal mining face; in the gas injection area, high gas mine, coal (rock) and gas (carbon dioxide) prominent mine, the local ventilator for the working face should adopt the "three specialties" ( Special transformers, special switches, special lines) power supply, can also be powered by a power supply line with selective leakage protection device, but should be checked by a person every day to ensure reliable operation of the local fan; 3 or more are strictly prohibited (including 3 The local ventilator at the same time supplies air to one of the heading faces. Do not use a local ventilator to supply air to the excavation face of two operations at the same time. The location where the local ventilator is used for air supply must be wind-locked to ensure that all non-intrinsically safe electrical equipment in the air-stop zone is cut off after the wind is stopped.
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