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I. Overview With the continuous development and improvement of substation automation construction and transformation, most of the power grid companies have realized telemetry, remote signaling, remote control, and remote adjustment of remote substations, ie, “four remote†functions. At present, in order to increase labor productivity and increase economic efficiency, enterprises began to implement the unattended mode of substations. The image monitoring system is a further supplement and perfection to the “four remotes†and is called “the fifth remote†by the industry. - Remote viewing.
The main function of the remote vision system is to monitor and record the safety of the substation and the operation of the equipment, monitor the degree of heat generation of the electrical equipment, and detect and deal with accidents in a timely manner. This helps to improve the safety and reliability of automation of the power system and provide after-the-fact analysis. Accident related image data. At the same time it also has fire, anti-theft and other functions. Therefore, more and more power companies use the remote viewing system as a new means of automatic management of substations. At the same time, all substations (institutions) have built fiber optic or microwave communication networks, which provides excellent conditions for the construction of network-based remote viewing systems.
The substation remote-viewing system collects the video and audio data and monitoring data of the substation from the front-end equipment of the substation, and transmits the encoded data to the monitoring center through the network. The monitoring center receives the encoded video data and monitoring data for monitoring. Storage, management. The implementation of remote monitoring system in substations aims to realize the unattended operation of substations, which will provide powerful information technology support for the promotion of the management of power grids in the direction of automation, integration, centralization, and intelligence.
Second, the demand analysis The substation remote vision system has to undertake the task mainly has two aspects:
The first is to protect the safety of buildings and equipment in the space of substations from the perspective of safety precautions, and prevent theft and fire. The specific functions to be achieved include wall protection, gates, etc. through cameras, microwaves, infrared probes to prevent illegal intrusion; installation of alarm probes in building doors and windows, such as door magnetic, infrared, and glass break detectors; installation of key cameras To 24 hours of continuous video surveillance, alarm linkage video, infrared cameras can be used in some parts; the linkage of sound and light alarm devices; linkage of fire fighting equipment.
The second major function of the remote vision system is to guarantee the normal operation of the substation equipment, the accidental alarm recording, emergency events and the main station's audio and video communications. Specifically, there are the following contents: through the linkage of cameras and lights, monitoring of important equipment such as the main transformer, monitoring the operation status of the equipment in the field and high-voltage power distribution; due to the overheating of the power system equipment is a phenomenon that can not be ignored, so the important nodes and joints are automatically Temperature monitoring is very important; through image monitoring combined with the advantages of remote and local personnel operating experience, to avoid misoperation; monitoring of the main control room equipment dashboard; video monitoring of the operation of the knife gate position; with other systems (such as substation integrated automation systems, etc. ) Work; emergencies emergency handling of the two-way audio and video communication with the main station.
III. System Composition Current power supply companies generally have jurisdiction over dozens of substations of different grades. Each substation has at least 2M channels connected to a transformer area or power supply company. Cameras, alarm input and output devices, and video are installed at each substation. Front-end equipment such as servers, monitoring servers and monitoring terminals in transformers and electrical installations, and installing remote monitoring software for the "watcher" substation to monitor substations under its jurisdiction.
Substation remote vision system components can be divided into substation equipment, communication networks, transformer station monitoring main station, power supply company monitoring main station four main parts, as shown in the figure, now separately introduced.
1. Substation equipment Substation equipment is mainly composed of front-end video servers, fixed or controllable cameras, and alarm input and output devices. It mainly completes the image and sound collection, coding and transmission, camera control and alarm linkage input/output work.
Generally, two or more outdoor controllable color cameras can be installed at the outdoor site of each substation, which can clearly monitor the activities of the personnel in the substation site and clearly see the specific operating conditions of the main transformer or other outdoor equipment; The control room can generally be considered to install one or two indoor controllable cameras, with zoom lens, can clearly see the personnel equipment situation, and even can clearly see the readings on the instrument panel;
In addition, fixed or controllable cameras can be installed in high-voltage rooms, equipment rooms, etc. In the main control room, equipment room, high-voltage room, etc. can be installed infrared alarm, smoke detectors, magnetic switches and other alarms to prevent and monitor various unexpected situations.
Each substation can be equipped with one or several video servers. The video server is an extremely powerful embedded device with high reliability and no routine maintenance. It can completely meet the requirements of unattended substations. The video server is responsible for converting the camera's analog video signal into a digital signal, compressing it at the same time, and also transmitting control signals. The video server has a built-in 10/100M network card and is connected to the network switch through the network cable. The video server compresses the video signal and other signals. The data signals are uploaded to the transformer area or the power company through the network.
2. Communication Line At present, there are mainly three transmission methods for each substation to a transformer area or power supply company:
Ethernet transmission mode: The channel from each substation to the monitoring center is directly an Ethernet interface, optical fiber or Ethernet interface. The image data signals of each substation are uploaded to the transformer station or power supply company through the switch, router or HUB.
Substations are directly connected to the transformer area or power supply company by fiber optics, and are interconnected by fiber optic transceivers at both ends.
2M dedicated line transmission mode: The channel from each substation to the power supply bureau is a 2M dedicated line, and the communication transmission equipment only provides a 2M interface. In this way, a 2M Ethernet bridge needs to be installed in pairs at both ends of the substation, transformer station or power supply company. At present, most transmission methods are this way.
3. The Substation Monitoring Center of the Substation and Substation is mainly composed of a monitoring server and a monitoring client terminal. Mainly complete the substation on-site image receiving and displaying, user login management, priority allocation, coordination of control signals, real-time image monitoring, video storage, retrieval, playback, backup, recovery and so on.
A monitoring server is configured on the network of the transformer area to install the monitoring software of the central server. The front-end of the central server manages the cameras and video servers of each substation, and the back-end manages all the users on the Internet, and also provides many functions such as video alarm. One or more monitoring clients are installed in the duty room. The monitoring user first logs in to the monitoring server, enters the user name and password, and after obtaining the corresponding authorization, the front-end camera can be accessed, and a large-screen display (or back projection) can also be installed. Machines, plasma displays, etc.) Using the powerful functions of the system software, 9/16 cameras can be displayed on a large screen at the same time. The system can also use a conventional video wall display.
The system can monitor and monitor the substations, relevant data, parameters, and images so that they can understand and master the conditions of the substations and the substations in real time, and respond to the occurrence in a timely manner.
The monitoring server is powerful and can manage dozens of substation systems and dozens or even hundreds of online users at the same time. In the future expansion of the substations, the power supply center does not need to increase the investment in hardware equipment; the system can handle dozens of active video images. At the same time, it can receive and meet the forwarding applications of all online customers. The system has perfect video recording services: manual recording, scheduled recording and alarm recording, which can store, retrieve, back up and recover a large number of image database files; it has powerful video playback capability and can be based on The application submitted by the user on the Internet independently provides users with video retrieval and playback, and can simultaneously respond to a large number of user applications; the system also has a perfect user authentication mechanism (user name, password, front-end system password, priority) mechanism, a powerful center Coordination mechanism (concurrent application, image transfer, recording application, concurrent control coordination, etc.) The entire system is based on an advanced software platform that meets standards and future development directions.
4. The monitoring mode of the power supply company monitoring terminal power supply company is basically the same as that of the transformer station. It can simultaneously monitor the substations in each transformer station area and set different priority levels for monitoring terminals in the transformer station area to coordinate work. In power supply companies, company leaders, safety supervision departments and production departments can use the office microcomputer to log on to the system for monitoring and emergency command. Leaders can also monitor the substation at any time through the Internet.
Fourth, the system function Substation remote vision system uses a server / browser structure, in line with the power industry information system standards. It can seamlessly connect with various types of Ethernet devices.
Adopt B/S (Brower/Server) structure, standard TCP/IP protocol, with strong openness and compatibility, fully integrated in the existing network of power system, the system has a network bandwidth control mechanism, can guarantee the image Under the premise of quality, it will not affect other applications on the network and make the most effective use of bandwidth resources. Set of video, audio, alarm, control, temperature and humidity monitoring, visual conference in one, the system is powerful.
With embedded technology, the stability and reliability are high, and there is absolutely no chance of a crash, which fully meets the unattended requirements of the substation. The client is a standard IE browser. The operation interface is all Chinese visual interface. It is very convenient for the leaders and staff on duty.
The video server provides remote access. The administrator can modify the parameters of the device without having to reach the equipment site and improve the maintenance efficiency of the device.
Thanks to its modular structure and convenient construction, it does not require video matrices, switchers, screen dividers, and character superimposers in traditional surveillance systems, which improves the overall stability and reliability of the system.
The system adopts a modular hardware and software structure. When the substation is expanded, it only needs to expand the substation equipment. The monitoring center does not need to add any hardware devices. Can be combined with conventional industrial television monitoring center equipment, such as: access to video matrix, video wall functions. Provides secondary development services such as customer functions and user interface customization.
Substation image monitoring, voice monitoring function; can monitor the screen of any camera in a clear and real-time manner on the monitoring terminal and console, and control the pan/tilt and lens, and can also monitor the scene; lighting control function; security And fire alarm linkage function; digital video, retrieval, playback, backup function; camera position preset, patrol function; alarm linkage function; temperature monitoring function; system management and recording functions; hierarchical electronic map function.
The main function of the remote vision system is to monitor and record the safety of the substation and the operation of the equipment, monitor the degree of heat generation of the electrical equipment, and detect and deal with accidents in a timely manner. This helps to improve the safety and reliability of automation of the power system and provide after-the-fact analysis. Accident related image data. At the same time it also has fire, anti-theft and other functions. Therefore, more and more power companies use the remote viewing system as a new means of automatic management of substations. At the same time, all substations (institutions) have built fiber optic or microwave communication networks, which provides excellent conditions for the construction of network-based remote viewing systems.
The substation remote-viewing system collects the video and audio data and monitoring data of the substation from the front-end equipment of the substation, and transmits the encoded data to the monitoring center through the network. The monitoring center receives the encoded video data and monitoring data for monitoring. Storage, management. The implementation of remote monitoring system in substations aims to realize the unattended operation of substations, which will provide powerful information technology support for the promotion of the management of power grids in the direction of automation, integration, centralization, and intelligence.
Second, the demand analysis The substation remote vision system has to undertake the task mainly has two aspects:
The first is to protect the safety of buildings and equipment in the space of substations from the perspective of safety precautions, and prevent theft and fire. The specific functions to be achieved include wall protection, gates, etc. through cameras, microwaves, infrared probes to prevent illegal intrusion; installation of alarm probes in building doors and windows, such as door magnetic, infrared, and glass break detectors; installation of key cameras To 24 hours of continuous video surveillance, alarm linkage video, infrared cameras can be used in some parts; the linkage of sound and light alarm devices; linkage of fire fighting equipment.
The second major function of the remote vision system is to guarantee the normal operation of the substation equipment, the accidental alarm recording, emergency events and the main station's audio and video communications. Specifically, there are the following contents: through the linkage of cameras and lights, monitoring of important equipment such as the main transformer, monitoring the operation status of the equipment in the field and high-voltage power distribution; due to the overheating of the power system equipment is a phenomenon that can not be ignored, so the important nodes and joints are automatically Temperature monitoring is very important; through image monitoring combined with the advantages of remote and local personnel operating experience, to avoid misoperation; monitoring of the main control room equipment dashboard; video monitoring of the operation of the knife gate position; with other systems (such as substation integrated automation systems, etc. ) Work; emergencies emergency handling of the two-way audio and video communication with the main station.
III. System Composition Current power supply companies generally have jurisdiction over dozens of substations of different grades. Each substation has at least 2M channels connected to a transformer area or power supply company. Cameras, alarm input and output devices, and video are installed at each substation. Front-end equipment such as servers, monitoring servers and monitoring terminals in transformers and electrical installations, and installing remote monitoring software for the "watcher" substation to monitor substations under its jurisdiction.
Substation remote vision system components can be divided into substation equipment, communication networks, transformer station monitoring main station, power supply company monitoring main station four main parts, as shown in the figure, now separately introduced.
1. Substation equipment Substation equipment is mainly composed of front-end video servers, fixed or controllable cameras, and alarm input and output devices. It mainly completes the image and sound collection, coding and transmission, camera control and alarm linkage input/output work.
Generally, two or more outdoor controllable color cameras can be installed at the outdoor site of each substation, which can clearly monitor the activities of the personnel in the substation site and clearly see the specific operating conditions of the main transformer or other outdoor equipment; The control room can generally be considered to install one or two indoor controllable cameras, with zoom lens, can clearly see the personnel equipment situation, and even can clearly see the readings on the instrument panel;
In addition, fixed or controllable cameras can be installed in high-voltage rooms, equipment rooms, etc. In the main control room, equipment room, high-voltage room, etc. can be installed infrared alarm, smoke detectors, magnetic switches and other alarms to prevent and monitor various unexpected situations.
Each substation can be equipped with one or several video servers. The video server is an extremely powerful embedded device with high reliability and no routine maintenance. It can completely meet the requirements of unattended substations. The video server is responsible for converting the camera's analog video signal into a digital signal, compressing it at the same time, and also transmitting control signals. The video server has a built-in 10/100M network card and is connected to the network switch through the network cable. The video server compresses the video signal and other signals. The data signals are uploaded to the transformer area or the power company through the network.
2. Communication Line At present, there are mainly three transmission methods for each substation to a transformer area or power supply company:
Ethernet transmission mode: The channel from each substation to the monitoring center is directly an Ethernet interface, optical fiber or Ethernet interface. The image data signals of each substation are uploaded to the transformer station or power supply company through the switch, router or HUB.
Substations are directly connected to the transformer area or power supply company by fiber optics, and are interconnected by fiber optic transceivers at both ends.
2M dedicated line transmission mode: The channel from each substation to the power supply bureau is a 2M dedicated line, and the communication transmission equipment only provides a 2M interface. In this way, a 2M Ethernet bridge needs to be installed in pairs at both ends of the substation, transformer station or power supply company. At present, most transmission methods are this way.
3. The Substation Monitoring Center of the Substation and Substation is mainly composed of a monitoring server and a monitoring client terminal. Mainly complete the substation on-site image receiving and displaying, user login management, priority allocation, coordination of control signals, real-time image monitoring, video storage, retrieval, playback, backup, recovery and so on.
A monitoring server is configured on the network of the transformer area to install the monitoring software of the central server. The front-end of the central server manages the cameras and video servers of each substation, and the back-end manages all the users on the Internet, and also provides many functions such as video alarm. One or more monitoring clients are installed in the duty room. The monitoring user first logs in to the monitoring server, enters the user name and password, and after obtaining the corresponding authorization, the front-end camera can be accessed, and a large-screen display (or back projection) can also be installed. Machines, plasma displays, etc.) Using the powerful functions of the system software, 9/16 cameras can be displayed on a large screen at the same time. The system can also use a conventional video wall display.
The system can monitor and monitor the substations, relevant data, parameters, and images so that they can understand and master the conditions of the substations and the substations in real time, and respond to the occurrence in a timely manner.
The monitoring server is powerful and can manage dozens of substation systems and dozens or even hundreds of online users at the same time. In the future expansion of the substations, the power supply center does not need to increase the investment in hardware equipment; the system can handle dozens of active video images. At the same time, it can receive and meet the forwarding applications of all online customers. The system has perfect video recording services: manual recording, scheduled recording and alarm recording, which can store, retrieve, back up and recover a large number of image database files; it has powerful video playback capability and can be based on The application submitted by the user on the Internet independently provides users with video retrieval and playback, and can simultaneously respond to a large number of user applications; the system also has a perfect user authentication mechanism (user name, password, front-end system password, priority) mechanism, a powerful center Coordination mechanism (concurrent application, image transfer, recording application, concurrent control coordination, etc.) The entire system is based on an advanced software platform that meets standards and future development directions.
4. The monitoring mode of the power supply company monitoring terminal power supply company is basically the same as that of the transformer station. It can simultaneously monitor the substations in each transformer station area and set different priority levels for monitoring terminals in the transformer station area to coordinate work. In power supply companies, company leaders, safety supervision departments and production departments can use the office microcomputer to log on to the system for monitoring and emergency command. Leaders can also monitor the substation at any time through the Internet.
Fourth, the system function Substation remote vision system uses a server / browser structure, in line with the power industry information system standards. It can seamlessly connect with various types of Ethernet devices.
Adopt B/S (Brower/Server) structure, standard TCP/IP protocol, with strong openness and compatibility, fully integrated in the existing network of power system, the system has a network bandwidth control mechanism, can guarantee the image Under the premise of quality, it will not affect other applications on the network and make the most effective use of bandwidth resources. Set of video, audio, alarm, control, temperature and humidity monitoring, visual conference in one, the system is powerful.
With embedded technology, the stability and reliability are high, and there is absolutely no chance of a crash, which fully meets the unattended requirements of the substation. The client is a standard IE browser. The operation interface is all Chinese visual interface. It is very convenient for the leaders and staff on duty.
The video server provides remote access. The administrator can modify the parameters of the device without having to reach the equipment site and improve the maintenance efficiency of the device.
Thanks to its modular structure and convenient construction, it does not require video matrices, switchers, screen dividers, and character superimposers in traditional surveillance systems, which improves the overall stability and reliability of the system.
The system adopts a modular hardware and software structure. When the substation is expanded, it only needs to expand the substation equipment. The monitoring center does not need to add any hardware devices. Can be combined with conventional industrial television monitoring center equipment, such as: access to video matrix, video wall functions. Provides secondary development services such as customer functions and user interface customization.
Substation image monitoring, voice monitoring function; can monitor the screen of any camera in a clear and real-time manner on the monitoring terminal and console, and control the pan/tilt and lens, and can also monitor the scene; lighting control function; security And fire alarm linkage function; digital video, retrieval, playback, backup function; camera position preset, patrol function; alarm linkage function; temperature monitoring function; system management and recording functions; hierarchical electronic map function.
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