The key factors for the selection of meter reading technologies for the next generation of meters are: system cost, performance, scalability, and long-term availability. As far as communication solutions are concerned, especially the design life of some meters needs to reach 20 years, solutions with strong survivability are imminent, and low-power wide-area network technology naturally wins in this respect. We know that wireless meter reading of meters is a typical application scenario for low power wide area networks (LPWAN). Of course, we first need a smart meter. The earliest implementation of smart meters in many countries in Europe has led to the selection of narrow-band communication technologies for meter reading communication technologies.
France and Italy were the first two European countries to decide to use smart gas meters instead of mechanical gas meters. The main reasons why smart gas meters can be used include:
Automatic meter reading reduces the cost, which means that the actual usage data can be read to the back-end terminal system without any manual work;
· Inspire consumer awareness of energy use and better control and reduce energy consumption;
· Better detection of gas leaks and some non-technical losses such as theft.
When France and Italy decided to promote smart gas meters with narrowband network technology to replace old gas meters, they conducted very in-depth pre-research and project pilot operations. The reason for this is that the goal is to find and test out the best solution for remote counting applications. The key factors for the selection of next-generation gas meter reading technologies are: system cost, performance (robustness and reliability), scalability and long-term availability (standard reference and unique solutions)
In order to meet the needs of smart gas meters for cost, scalability, robustness, etc., and to determine a long-term viable solution, the Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) model seems to be the inevitable choice. All types of LPWAN modes use standard narrowband technologies below 1GHz, and have been supported by many major vendors' integrated ISM band RF devices (such as LoRa, Sigfox's suppliers).
According to the development process, the design life of these gas meters needs to reach 20 years. Therefore, the communication transmission of the gas meters will continue to operate to ensure that the system has a very high reliability. In the coming decades, people can easily associate an environment with hundreds of millions of IoT devices. Therefore, solutions with strong survivability are imminent, and low-power wide-area network technology naturally wins in this respect.
Using low-power wide-area network mode, the choice of technology is also derived from a number of real-world experimental simulations under different RF technologies. Experimented with a variety of radio frequency technologies, including remote solutions based on bandwidth and spread spectrum.
For this application, narrow-band technologies below 1 GHz in this field have been confirmed to use only a minimum number of hubs (ie, the farthest range of telecommunications in practice) and have the best reliability (free from interference from other RF sources, including Internal and external RF source interference. After research, narrowband technology can actually be used as standard remote communication. It is well known that within a limited radio frequency spectrum, its high communication capacity can support the operation of a large number of nodes.
One of the key factors for the long-term availability of a solution is that the technology has gained technical support from multiple vendors. History has shown that the use of standard solutions can create economies of scale, which has been exemplified in the development of France and Italy. In France, the vast majority of programs are divided equally among the three major system suppliers. These vendors separately select hardware platforms from different chip vendors.
The smart flow meter (water, gas, heat) represents a broad market for wide area RF connectivity today. Millions of smart meters have been deployed worldwide, and many meters use narrowband technology to achieve wide area, robustness, and stability. France and Italy feel that using narrow-band wireless M-Bus technology as their main deployment method can be seen as a natural choice, as well as an endorsement of actual testing. With the help of some vendors' narrowband platforms, developers can achieve a range of more than tens of kilometers to realize wide-area narrow-band communication.
Automatic pulp chest mixer machine is used in paper and pulp mills pulp chest to stir pulp to make the pulp consistency stable . It is suitable for all kinds of paper pulp from the chest . By using the equipment the pulp liquid is maintained in suspension condition, so it ensured that the uniform distribution of paper components in pulp. and it is also advantageous to full reaction of the chemical liquid.
All of the agitator blades are made of 304 stainless steel to ensure its long service life. Cause the pulp in chest is mixed with chemicals.So common raw material as carbon steel will be eroded easily. We choose the best material, cause we are responsible for equipment quality forever!
Agitator Motor,Agitator Mixer,Industrial Agitator,Agitator Equipment
DanDong GaoXin Dryer Manufacturing Co.,Ltd , https://www.gaoxinpapermachine.com